{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T09:56:37Z","timestamp":1793094997318,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,5]],"date-time":"2024-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intensive Care Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Background: Critically ill patients with sepsis have a high incidence of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D promotes the synthesis of human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, a precursor of LL-37, which is a part of the innate immune system. This study investigated the effectiveness and safety of the early administration of high-dose enteral vitamin D\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    in comparison with low-dose vitamin D\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    in patients with sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation (MV). Methods: Eighty adult patients with sepsis requiring MV with known vitamin D deficiency were randomly assigned to receive either an enteral 50\u2005000 IU (Group I) or 5000 IU (Group II) vitamin D supplementation. Clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated at baseline and on days 4 and 7 between the study groups. The change in serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels on day 7 was the primary outcome, while the change in serum LL-37 levels on day 7, changes in sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, and clinical pulmonary infection score on day 7, MV duration, and hospital length of stay (LOS) were the secondary outcomes. Results: The (day 7-day 0) change in serum PCT and LL-37 levels and SOFA score were significantly different in Group I ( P\u2009=\u2009.010, P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, and P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, respectively). The SOFA score was significantly different on days 4 and 7 in Group I ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001 and P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, respectively). The incidence of early ventilator-associated pneumonia was significantly different between both treatment groups ( P\u2009=\u2009.025). The hospital LOS was shorter in Group I ( P\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). No 25-hydroxyvitamin-D toxicity was observed in either group. Conclusions: Early enteral administration of high-dose vitamin D\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    in critically ill patients with sepsis requiring MV along with standard treatment for sepsis decreased serum procalcitonin levels, increased serum LL-37 levels, and ameliorated illness severity scores.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666241250319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T01:00:25Z","timestamp":1714957225000},"page":"1012-1022","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Outcomes of High-Dose Versus Low-Dose Vitamin D on Prognosis of Sepsis Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Tarek Mohamed","family":"Ashoor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abd Elmoniem Hassan","family":"Abd Elazim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kafr El Sheikh General Hospital, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zakaria Abd Elaziz","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maha Ahmad","family":"Anwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ihab Ahmad","family":"Gad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3456-0471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Mamdouh Esmat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"bibr1-08850666241250319","first-page":"1067","volume":"18","author":"Miri M","year":"2019","journal-title":"Iran J Pharm Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr2-08850666241250319","first-page":"55","volume":"57","author":"Yaghoobi MH","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rom J Intern 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