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Besides well-known risk groups of deeply neutropenic hematologic and solid organ transplant recipients other risk groups among patients treated in ICUs have been recognized. The prevalence of IPA among ICU-patients is not known and it is not known how well IPA is recognized in ICU-settings. The diagnosis of IPA is often difficult to make and non-invasive ways to diagnose IPA reliably are needed.\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In this study we studied the clinical significance of\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive respiratory samples in ICU-patients.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    We retrospectively evaluated the ICU-patients (N\u2009=\u2009205) who provided\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    -positive respiratory samples in 2007-2020 and classified patients to groups of \u201ccolonization\u201d, \u201cputative IPA\u201d, \u201cproven IPA \u201c, as in AspICU algorithm. Data were collected from laboratory registry and Helsinki University Hospital medical records. Underlying conditions, reasons leading to treatment in ICU, immunosuppression, known risk factors of IA in ICU, signs of infection, results of\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    -specific laboratory testing, use of antifungal treatment, survival, and reason of death were assessed.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Majority of the findings (63%) were colonization, 11 (5%) patients had proven IPA, and \u201cputative IPA\u201d 59 (29%) of the patients. All patients with proven IPA died within one year, whereas mortality in putative and colonization groups was 39% and 33% respectively. Difference in mortality during one year between \u201ccolonization\u201d and \u201cputative IPA\u201d groups was not statistically significant (p\u2009=\u2009.244), but when both \u201cproven\u201d and \u201cputative\u201d IPA were included, the difference was statistically significant, p\u2009=\u2009.019. Overall hospital mortality in the study group was 38%. Mortality in all the groups is higher than overall ICU-patient mortality of non-selected patients in Finland.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    The overall incidence of\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    -findings in our ICUs was low. Isolation of\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in critically ill is associated with high mortality irrespective of invasion or colonization.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666251340043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T04:18:51Z","timestamp":1747109931000},"page":"1089-1095","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Significance of\n                    <i>Aspergillus<\/i>\n                    sp Found in Respiratory Fungal Cultures of ICU Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6916-575X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katriina","family":"Pihlajamaa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0906-4580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maija","family":"Halme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miia","family":"Valkonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Intensive Care Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7734-9241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veli-Jukka","family":"Anttila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2013.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4731-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30304-3"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","article-title":"Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of aspergillosis: 2016 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"63","author":"Hadley S","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hadley S, Kontoyiannis DP, Fishman JA, et al. 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