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Key indications include autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, autoimmune encephalitis, myasthenia gravis, and ANCA-associated vasculitis. In these conditions, rituximab often serves as a second-line or salvage therapy, particularly when corticosteroids or conventional treatments fail. Its role in respiratory failure related to inflammatory myopathies, such as anti-synthetase and anti-MDA-5 syndromes, is emerging. While generally well-tolerated, rituximab carries risks of infusion reactions, infectious complications, hematologic toxicity, and rare organ-specific adverse events. Given the increasing use of rituximab across diverse critically ill populations, intensivists must be familiar with its indications, benefits, and risks to optimize patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08850666251409783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T12:32:47Z","timestamp":1766752367000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Rituximab in the Intensive Care Unit: A Review of Indications and Clinical Considerations"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8840-5157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Lincoln","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Hospital of Ireland Temple Street"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"McGimsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Galway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2592-1300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"O\u2019Driscoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital Limerick"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00163"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/sonc.2002.30156"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31822e9d66"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-018-3553-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909905"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199958010-00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21513"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2010.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.10062"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2019.100648"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(16)30018-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11041103"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-03-341131"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05736-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1806311"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42636"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38690"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.21039"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61048-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-023-01434-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002318"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12386"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2017.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181f11d65"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","volume-title":"Autoimmune Encephalitis","author":"Gole S","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gole S, Anand A. 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