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It was added to collagen solution for the preparation of the scaffold with freeze-casting method in order to develop a composite scaffold with both antibacterial and osteoinductive properties for repairing bone defects. The scaffolds were evaluated regarding their morphology, porosity, degradation and cellular response. The scaffolds for further investigation were added in a rat calvaria defect model. The study showed that after eight weeks, the bone formation was relatively higher in the collagen\/nano-hydroxyapatite\/doxycycline group with completely filled defect when compared with other groups. Histopathological evaluation showed that the defect in the collagen\/nano-hydroxyapatite\/doxycycline group was fully replaced by the new bone and connective tissue. Our results provide evidence supporting the possible applicability of doxycycline-containing scaffolds for successful bone regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0885328218805229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]],"date-time":"2018-10-16T23:54:52Z","timestamp":1539734092000},"page":"501-513","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Fabrication and characterization of collagen\u2013hydroxyapatite-based composite scaffolds containing doxycycline via freeze-casting method for bone tissue engineering"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Hossein","family":"Semyari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6283-8181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Majid","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran"},{"name":"Tissue Engineering and stem cells research center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferial","family":"Taleghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Dental School, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arian","family":"Ehterami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farshid","family":"Bastami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental research center, research institute of dental Science, school of dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"},{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery department, school of dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toktam","family":"Jalayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and maxillofacial radiologist"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hadis","family":"Semyari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental student, faculty of dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mir","family":"Hamed Nabavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Semyari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0885328218805229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.89B4.18301"},{"key":"bibr2-0885328218805229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2005.07.029"},{"key":"bibr3-0885328218805229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00914037.2018.1466133"},{"key":"bibr4-0885328218805229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2017.12.034"},{"key":"bibr5-0885328218805229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jaar.1997.0306"},{"key":"bibr6-0885328218805229","unstructured":"Termine J. 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