{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T15:47:31Z","timestamp":1782920851697,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2022ME048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2022ME048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2023MH018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2023MH018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jining Medical College High-Level Scientific Research Project Cultivation Plan","award":["JYGC2022KJ007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JYGC2022KJ007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biomater Appl"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    PEEK is a promising biomaterial for orthopedic and dental applications due to its excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and bone-like elastic modulus. However, its bioinert surface limits osseointegration and predisposes it to wear debris-induced inflammation, hindering its use in load-bearing implants. To address these challenges, this study proposes a composite modification strategy combining gradient sulfonation with polydopamine (PDA) coating to enhance the bioactivity, tribological performance, and interfacial stability of PEEK. Surface characterization revealed that sulfonation introduced porous structures and hydrophilic sulfonic acid groups, while PDA further improved wettability and enabled chelation-mediated hydroxyapatite (HA) mineralization. Tribological tests demonstrated that optimal sulfonation reduced the friction coefficient and wear width, whereas excessive sulfonation (60\u00a0min) degraded mechanical properties due to adhesive wear. In vitro mineralization confirmed that PDA-coated samples exhibited robust HA deposition, attributed to catechol\/amino group-mediated nucleation. Additionally, H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/PDA synergistically enhanced antibacterial efficacy by chemically disrupting bacterial membranes. A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) graft layer was constructed on the surface of PEEK substrate, and its interfacial bonding performance under frictional shear load was evaluated. These results demonstrate that the H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/PDA composite modification optimizes PEEK\u2019s multifunctional performance, offering a viable route for developing advanced biomimetic joint implants with improved osseointegration, wear resistance, and long-term stability.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08853282251389693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T17:10:11Z","timestamp":1761325811000},"page":"190-200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Multifunctional PEEK implants: Sulfonation-polydopamine synergy for bioactivity, wear resistance, and antibacterial efficacy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Second Medical University"},{"name":"Jining Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangru","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Second Medical University"},{"name":"Jining Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guofa","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Second Medical University"},{"name":"Shandong First Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6530-4633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jining Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Litao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jining Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2019.02.082"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.35480"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2014.09.005"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","first-page":"493","article-title":"Thermal stability of poly(ether ether ketone) composites under dry-sliding friction and wear conditions","volume":"17","author":"Hua F","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hua F, Liao B, Wang Y-H, et al. 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