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Although tissue engineering strategies have made significant progress in promoting TMJ disc regeneration, the resulting neotissue often fails to fully recapitulate the native tissue\u2019s biomechanical properties and ultrastructure. To enhance the functional integration of cells with scaffolds and engineer fibrocartilage that closely mimics native structure of the TMJ disc, the development of biomimetic scaffolds capable of recapitulating both structural heterogeneity and anisotropy has emerged as a pivotal focus in tissue regeneration research. This article presents a systematic overview of the current state of application and challenges of biological scaffolds in fibrocartilage regeneration research, focusing on five key domains: micro-mechanically guided anisotropic biomimetic scaffolds, functionally modified decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), immunomodulatory composite scaffolds, scaffold pore architecture, and spatiotemporally controlled delivery systems. 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