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Women were interviewed about their emotional and behavioral responses during the trauma and assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptomatology. Results indicate that women experience a wide range of behavioral and emotional responses during a traumatic event and that these responses have implications for posttrauma adjustment. Women who experienced behaviors typical of a freeze response are more likely to have a greater degree of symptomatology after the assault. Peritraumatic emotions, other than fear, such as sadness, humiliation, and anger, also appear to be related to posttrauma depression symptoms. These findings highlight the necessity of exploring the full range of possible reactions during a trauma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260508314851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,21]],"date-time":"2008-02-21T21:32:51Z","timestamp":1203629571000},"page":"853-868","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Beyond Fear"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Shireen L.","family":"Rizvi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Boston University School of Medicine,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Kaysen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cassidy A.","family":"Gutner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Griffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Missouri-St. Louis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Resick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Boston University School of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association.","year":"2000","edition":"4"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.109.1.69"},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"Stopping rape: Effective survival strategies","author":"Bart, P.B.","year":"1985"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(88)90050-5"},{"key":"atypb5","first-page":"1311","volume":"141","author":"Beck, A.T.","year":"1961","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024485130934"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.7.1337"},{"key":"atypb8","first-page":"187","volume":"18","author":"Blake, D.D.","year":"1990","journal-title":"The Behavior Therapist"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.1996.tb01124.x"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.1992.11.1.80"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007741526169"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.60.2.196"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626097012002007"},{"key":"atypb14","volume-title":"Applied multiple regression\/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen, J.","year":"1983","edition":"2"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.01.015"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.111.3.812"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0886-6708.11.1.21"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490100405"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.4.3.272"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490060405"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088626093008001008"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.8.1081"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428104263675"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.08.005"},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2004.11.002"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.37.10.1798"},{"issue":"1","key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(00)00225-8","volume":"25","author":"Johnson, D.M.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1466802504042222"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801205280931"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.151.6.888"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/000711201161109"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0879(199609)3:3<153::AID-CPP98>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"atypb33","unstructured":"Marmar, C.R., Weiss, D.S. & Metzler, T. 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