{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:30:04Z","timestamp":1777854604536,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,1]],"date-time":"2012-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328054400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Factors that may contribute to preschool-aged children\u2019s appraisals of their parent\u2019s violent conflicts in families experiencing recent intimate partner violence (IPV) were evaluated for 116 mother\u2013child dyads. Mothers and children were interviewed using empirically-validated measures to assess level of violence, maternal and child mental health, and children\u2019s appraisals of conflict. Results suggest that preschool-aged children are able to meaningfully respond to statements about their parents\u2019 conflicts. Both mothers\u2019 and children\u2019s reports of violence were significantly associated with children\u2019s appraisals of Threat, but not with appraisals of Self-blame. Girls reported significantly higher levels of Self-blame than did boys. Children\u2019s cognitive appraisals of Threat and Self-blame did not vary by age or ethnicity. These findings suggest that interventions designed for young children might specifically target their cognitive appraisals to help them regulate their feelings of being threatened and to provide for their safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260511421675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,10]],"date-time":"2011-10-10T23:52:29Z","timestamp":1318290749000},"page":"568-586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Predictors of Preschoolers\u2019 Appraisals of Conflict in Families Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Laura E.","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn H.","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra A.","family":"Graham-Bermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015894"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.76.1.138"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-007-9105-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-7358(93)90009-B"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","volume-title":"The posttraumatic diagnostic scale (PDS) manual","author":"Foa E. B.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Foa E. B. (1995). The posttraumatic diagnostic scale (PDS) manual. Minneapolis, MN: National Computer Systems."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1016-9040.12.1.6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.19.3.376"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2009.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-009-9299-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024962400234"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.68.1.84"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00255"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.108.2.267"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1131346"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005402310180"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J135v01n02"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00788.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260508314335"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260510383033"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721410388801"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.20.1.88"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.20.1.137"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2008.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsl003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.2.291"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.2.2.122"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","volume-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder semi-structured interview and observational record for infants and young children","author":"Scheeringa M.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Scheeringa M., Zeanah C. (1994). Posttraumatic stress disorder semi-structured interview and observational record for infants and young children. New Orleans, LA: Tulane University."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019251396017003001"}],"container-title":["Journal of Interpersonal Violence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0886260511421675","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0886260511421675","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0886260511421675","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:10:36Z","timestamp":1777504236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0886260511421675"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0886260511421675"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260511421675","relation":{},"ISSN":["0886-2605","1552-6518"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0886-2605","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6518","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}}}