{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T17:37:32Z","timestamp":1792690652334,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,24]],"date-time":"2012-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1327363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The prevalence of sexual violence is increasingly being studied in India. Yet the determinants of sexual violence, irrespective of physical violence, remain largely unexplored. Here the authors identify the determinants of sexual violence, and additionally, explore how the presence of physical violence modifies these determinants. A cross-sectional analysis is conducted using baseline data from a longitudinal study involving young married women attending reproductive health clinics in Southern India. A multivariable logistic regression analysis is conducted to first identify determinants of sexual violence and then repeated after stratifying elements based on presence or absence of physical violence identified from participants\u2019 reports. 36% and 50% of the participants report experiencing sexual and physical violence, respectively. After adjusting for other covariates, women\u2019s partners\u2019 characteristics are found most significantly associated with their odds of experiencing sexual violence. These characteristics include husbands\u2019 primary education, employment as drivers, alcohol consumption, and having multiple sex partners. Women\u2019s contribution to household income also increases their odds of experiencing sexual violence by almost twofold; however, if they are solely responsible for \u201call\u201d household income, the relationship is found to be protective. Physical violence modifies the determinants of sexual violence, and among women not experiencing physical violence, husbands\u2019 primary education and employment as drivers increase women\u2019s odds of experiencing sexual violence nearly threefold, and women who contribute \u201call\u201d the household income ( n = 62) do not experience sexual violence. These relationships are not significant among women experiencing physical violence. Study findings improve the understanding of the determinants of sexual violence. Future research is needed to examine the risk factors for different types of GBV independently and to tease apart the differences in risk factors depending on women\u2019s experiences. The significance of male partners\u2019 characteristics warrants in-depth research, and in order to promote gender-equitable norms, future interventions need to focus on male behaviors and men\u2019s day-to-day survival challenges, all of which likely influence conflicts in marital relationships.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260511433512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,25]],"date-time":"2012-01-25T21:01:39Z","timestamp":1327525299000},"page":"2465-2483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Examining the Determinants of Sexual Violence Among Young, Married Women in Southern India"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Karuna S.","family":"Chibber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Krupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Padian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Purnima","family":"Madhivanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India"},{"name":"Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"bibr1-0886260511433512","first-page":"95","volume":"23","author":"Ahmed S. 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