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The purpose of this study is to develop a theoretical and operational framework of sanctions partners use. The study sampled 74 heterosexual couples from the general population (148 male and female participants). The findings support the validity and reliability of the sanction measurement. Furthermore, findings indicate that the use of sanctions between partners is highly prevalent among men and women in the general population; that the more one partner uses sanctions, the more the other partner uses it; and that sanctions are strongly associated with other violent tactics partners use in their conflict (i.e., verbal and physical). Theoretical and empirical implications of the theoretical framework and the findings are discussed, including the role of sanctions in partner conflicts that escalate to severe forms of violence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260514552277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,14]],"date-time":"2014-10-14T23:35:46Z","timestamp":1413329746000},"page":"1998-2037","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sanctions as a Tactic Used in Partner Conflicts"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Zeev","family":"Winstok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronit","family":"Smadar-Dror","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/224227"},{"key":"bibr2-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.51.9.909"},{"key":"bibr3-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2337(1997)23:6<447::AID-AB4>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"bibr4-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.119.3.422"},{"key":"bibr5-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X99001818"},{"key":"bibr6-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2005.09.002"},{"key":"bibr7-0886260514552277","volume-title":"The functions of social conflict","author":"Coser L.","year":"1956"},{"key":"bibr8-0886260514552277","volume-title":"Class and class conflict in industrial society","author":"Dahrendorf R.","year":"1959"},{"key":"bibr9-0886260514552277","volume-title":"Homicide","author":"Daly M.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr10-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10022-000"},{"key":"bibr11-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.100.3.309"},{"key":"bibr12-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1606\/1044-3894.1788"},{"key":"bibr13-0886260514552277","volume-title":"Presentation at the International Family Violence and Child Victimization Research Conference","author":"Fauchier A.","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr14-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2006.07.004"},{"key":"bibr15-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327957pspr1001_3"},{"key":"bibr16-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/vivi.2003.18.2.197"},{"key":"bibr17-0886260514552277","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Psychological and physical aggression in couples: Causes an interventions","author":"Jose A.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr18-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-011-9383-3"},{"key":"bibr19-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/1946-6560.3.2.199"},{"key":"bibr20-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02333424"},{"key":"bibr21-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-013-0274-3"},{"key":"bibr22-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clipsy\/6.4.400"},{"key":"bibr23-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2007.02.020"},{"key":"bibr24-0886260514552277","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Sexual bargaining","author":"Scanzoni J.","year":"1972"},{"key":"bibr25-0886260514552277","volume-title":"Conflict and the web of group affiliations","author":"Simmel G.","year":"1955"},{"key":"bibr26-0886260514552277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/351733"},{"key":"bibr27-0886260514552277","first-page":"49","volume-title":"Physical violence in American families: Risk factors and adaptations to violence in 8,145 families","author":"Straus M. 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