{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:42:45Z","timestamp":1790710965078,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"15-16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,29]],"date-time":"2019-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Evidence shows that a significant proportion of ever-partnered women suffer some form of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetuated by male partners. The prevalence of IPV in sub-Saharan African countries is considerably higher than global estimates. Although existing studies show the effect of women\u2019s and intimate male partner\u2019s characteristics on IPV, knowledge on how these factors increase or reduce women\u2019s risk to specific types of IPV is limited. Using the 2016 Ugandan Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS), we examine regional variations in women\u2019s and intimate male partner\u2019s characteristics and their effect on emotional, sexual, and physical violence perpetuated by men and experienced by women in Uganda. The result shows that women\u2019s educational status is a significant predictor of all forms of IPV, whereas other characteristics, such as employment and housing ownership, have differential effects on specific types of IPV. Less educated women were more likely to experience emotional, sexual, and physical violence. Alcohol abuse was a significant determinant of men perpetuating all types of IPV; other male characteristics had differential effects on specific types of IPV. Male partners who abuse alcohol \u201coften\u201d and \u201csometimes\u201d were more likely to commit acts of emotional, sexual, and physical violence against their female intimate partners. The findings also show that ~5%, ~8%, and ~2% of the variance in emotional, sexual, and physical violence (respectively; in the final models) are attributable to regional differences. The findings suggest the need for interventions aimed at increasing women\u2019s access to higher education, working with men and boys to reduce the occurrence of alcohol abuse and address harmful constructions of masculinity, and promoting gender equality among men as well as women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260519839429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,29]],"date-time":"2019-03-29T09:43:23Z","timestamp":1553852603000},"page":"NP7868-NP7898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Variations in Emotional, Sexual, and Physical Intimate Partner Violence Among Women in Uganda: A Multilevel Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7701-2585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prince M.","family":"Amegbor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen\u2019s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Pascoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bedroom Feminist Birth Doula Services, Kingston, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/vivi.21.2.247"},{"key":"bibr2-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.113738"},{"key":"bibr3-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-018-0253-9"},{"key":"bibr4-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2018.04.006"},{"key":"bibr5-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2018.07.005"},{"key":"bibr6-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192513X14561523"},{"key":"bibr7-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03630242.2012.707171"},{"key":"bibr8-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838013515758"},{"key":"bibr9-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260509340539"},{"key":"bibr10-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.331.7510.197"},{"key":"bibr11-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260509354497"},{"key":"bibr12-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08336-8"},{"key":"bibr13-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838016650191"},{"key":"bibr14-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260513505907"},{"key":"bibr15-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2017.02.027"},{"key":"bibr16-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2015.05.001"},{"key":"bibr17-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2011.05.006"},{"key":"bibr18-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1240937"},{"key":"bibr19-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16098-4"},{"key":"bibr20-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/003335490612100410"},{"key":"bibr21-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69523-8"},{"key":"bibr22-0886260519839429","first-page":"286","volume":"18","author":"Groes-Green C.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nordic Journal of African Studies"},{"key":"bibr23-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60253-6"},{"key":"bibr24-0886260519839429","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-73186-5_6"},{"key":"bibr25-0886260519839429","unstructured":"Interagency Gender Working Group (IGWG). 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