{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T06:05:42Z","timestamp":1793685942186,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"23-24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,26]],"date-time":"2020-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579996800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The importance of psychopathy in the forensic and criminal justice domains is largely due to its robust associations with aggression and violent behavior. Hence, investigators have increasingly been interested in elucidating potential mechanisms linking psychopathy and aggression. Recent research highlighted previously overlooked associations between psychopathy and difficulties in emotion regulation, the process responsible for monitoring, evaluating, and managing one\u2019s emotional experience, as well as for guiding behavior under intense emotional arousal. Yet, it remains unclear whether emotion dysregulation may be helpful to explain well-documented associations between psychopathy and aggression. The present study examined whether emotion dysregulation mediated associations (i.e., explained a significant portion of the shared variance) between psychopathy and aggression across community ( N = 521) and offender ( N = 268) samples. Participants completed self-report measures of psychopathy, emotion dysregulation, trait aggressiveness (i.e., anger, hostility, physical and verbal aggression), as well as reactive and proactive aggression. Across both samples, psychopathy had significant indirect effect on all indices of aggression through emotion dysregulation, with the exception of verbal aggression. These findings support the relevance of emotion regulation for the construct of psychopathy and its maladaptive correlates and highlight the potential relevance of focusing on emotion regulation as a possible target for interventions aimed at reducing aggression among individuals with psychopathic traits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260519900946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]],"date-time":"2020-01-27T01:20:42Z","timestamp":1580088042000},"page":"NP12640-NP12664","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Psychopathy and Aggression: The Role of Emotion Dysregulation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2306-6961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Garofalo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tilburg University, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig S.","family":"Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Texas, Denton, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Velotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andershed H., Colins O. F., Salekin R. T., Lordos A., Kyranides M. N., Fanti K. A. (2018). Callous-unemotional traits only versus the multidimensional psychopathy construct as predictors of various antisocial outcomes during early adolescence. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 40(1), 16\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10862-018-9659-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-018-9659-5"},{"key":"bibr2-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Babcock J. C., Tharp A. L. T., Sharp C., Heppner W., Stanford M. S. (2014). Similarities and differences in impulsive\/premeditated and reactive\/proactive bimodal classifications of aggression. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19(3), 251\u2013262. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avb.2014.04.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2014.04.002"},{"key":"bibr3-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bjureberg J., Ljotsson B., Tull M. T., Hedman E., Sahlin H., Lundh L. G. \u2026 Gratz K. L. (2016). Development and validation of a brief version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale: The DERS-16. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 38(2), 284\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10862-015-9514-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-015-9514-x"},{"key":"bibr4-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blais J., Solodukhin E., Forth A. E. (2014). A meta-analysis exploring the relationship between psychopathy and instrumental versus reactive violence. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 41(7), 797\u2013821. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0093854813519629","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854813519629"},{"key":"bibr5-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bobadilla L., Wampler M., Taylor J. (2012). Proactive and reactive aggression are associated with different physiological and personality profiles. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 31(5), 458\u2013487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1521\/jscp.2012.31.5.458","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.2012.31.5.458"},{"key":"bibr6-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brugman S., Cornet L. J. M., Smeijers D., Smeets K., Oostermeijer S., Buitelaar J. K. \u2026Jansen L. M. C. (2017). Examining the reactive proactive questionnaire in adults in forensic and non-forensic settings: A variable- and person-based approach. Aggressive Behavior, 43(2), 155\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ab.21671","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21671"},{"key":"bibr7-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bushman B. J., Anderson C. A. (2001). Is it time to pull the plug on hostile versus instrumental aggression dichotomy? Psychological Review, 108(1), 273\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.108.1.273","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0033-295X.108.1.273"},{"key":"bibr8-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.63.3.452"},{"key":"bibr9-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cima M., Raine A., Meesters C., Popma A. (2013). Validation of the Dutch Reactive Proactive Questionnaire (RPQ): Differential correlates of reactive and proactive aggression from childhood to adulthood. Aggressive Behavior, 39(2), 99\u2013113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ab.21458","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21458"},{"key":"bibr10-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dodge K. A., Coie J. D. (1987). Social-information-processing factors in reactive and proactive aggression in children\u2019s peer groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 53(6), 1146\u20131158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.53.6.1146","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022-3514.53.6.1146"},{"key":"bibr11-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Donahue J. J., McClure K. S., Moon S. M. (2014). The relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and psychopathic personality characteristics. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 5(2), 186\u2013194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/per0000025","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000025"},{"key":"bibr12-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elison J., Garofalo C., Velotti P. (2014). Shame and aggression: Theoretical considerations. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19(4), 447\u2013453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avb.2014.05.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2014.05.002"},{"key":"bibr13-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fanti K. A., Kyranides M. N., Drislane L. E., Colins O. F., Andershed H. (2016). Validation of the Greek Cypriot translation of the triarchic psychopathy measure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 98(2), 146\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00223891.2015.1077452","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2015.1077452"},{"key":"bibr14-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fossati A., Maffei C., Acquarini E., Di Ceglie A. (2003). Multigroup confirmatory component and factor analyses of the Italian version of the Aggression Questionnaire1. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 19(1), 54\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/\/1015-5759.19.1.54","DOI":"10.1027\/\/1015-5759.19.1.54"},{"key":"bibr15-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frogner L., Andershed A.K., Andershed H. (2018). Psychopathic personality works better than CU traits for predicting fearlessness and ADHD symptoms among children with conduct problems. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 40(1), 26\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10862-018-9651-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-018-9651-0"},{"key":"bibr16-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-28099-8_809-1"},{"key":"bibr17-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garofalo C., Holden C. J., Zeigler-Hill V., Velotti P. (2016). Understanding the connection between self-esteem and aggression: The mediating role of emotion dysregulation. Aggressive Behavior, 42(1), 3\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ab.21601","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.21601"},{"key":"bibr18-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315111476-5"},{"key":"bibr19-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garofalo C., Neumann C. S., Velotti P. (2018). Difficulties in emotion regulation and psychopathic traits in violent offenders. Journal of Criminal Justice, 57, 116\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2018.05.013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2018.05.013"},{"key":"bibr20-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garofalo C., Neumann C. S., Zeigler-Hill V., Meloy J. R. (2019). Spiteful and contemptuous: A new look at the emotional experiences related to psychopathy. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 10(2), 173\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/per0000310","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000310"},{"key":"bibr21-0886260519900946","volume-title":"Negative emotionality and aggression in violent offenders: The moderating role of emotion dysregulation","author":"Garofalo C.","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr22-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garofalo C., Velotti P., Zavattini G. C. (2018). Emotion regulation and aggression: The incremental contribution of alexithymia, impulsivity, and emotion dysregulation facets. Psychology of Violence, 8(4), 470\u2013483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/vio0000141","DOI":"10.1037\/vio0000141"},{"key":"bibr23-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giromini L., Velotti P., de Campora G., Bonalume L., Zavattini G. C. (2012). Cultural adaptation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale: Reliability and validity of an Italian version. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68(9), 989\u20131007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jclp.21876","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.21876"},{"key":"bibr24-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gordts S., Uzieblo K., Neumann C. S., Van den Bussche E., Rossi G. (2015). Validity of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scales (SRP-III full and short versions) in a community sample. Assessment, 24(3), 308\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073191115606205","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191115606205"},{"key":"bibr25-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gratz K. L., Roemer L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/b:joba.0000007455.08539.94","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94"},{"key":"bibr26-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gratz K. L., Rosenthal M. Z., Tull M. T., Lejuez C. W., Gunderson J. G. (2006). An experimental investigation of emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115(4), 850\u2013855. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0021-843X.115.4.850","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.115.4.850"},{"key":"bibr27-0886260519900946","volume-title":"Manual for the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised","author":"Hare R. D.","year":"2003","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr28-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hare R. D., Neumann C. S. (2008). Psychopathy as a clinical and empirical construct. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 4, 217\u2013246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091452","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091452"},{"key":"bibr29-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harenski C., Kiehl K. A. (2010). Reactive aggression in psychopathy and the role of frustration: Susceptibility, experience, and control. British Journal of Psychology, 101(3), 401\u2013406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1348\/000712609X471067","DOI":"10.1348\/000712609X471067"},{"key":"bibr30-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hayes A. F. (2009). Beyond Baron and Kenny: Statistical mediation analysis in the new millennium. Communication Monographs, 76(4), 408\u2013420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03637750903310360","DOI":"10.1080\/03637750903310360"},{"key":"bibr31-0886260519900946","volume-title":"Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach","author":"Hayes A. F.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr32-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hornsveld R. H. J., Muris P., Kraaimaat F. W., Meesters C. (2009). Psychometric properties of the Aggression Questionnaire in Dutch violent forensic psychiatric patients and secondary vocational students. Assessment, 16(2), 181\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073191108325894","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191108325894"},{"key":"bibr33-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hubbard J. A., McAuliffe M. D., Morrow M. T., Romano L. J. (2010). Reactive and proactive aggression in childhood and adolescence: Precursors, outcomes, processes, experiences, and measurement. Journal of Personality, 78(1), 95\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-6494.2009.00610.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-6494.2009.00610.x"},{"key":"bibr34-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ireland J. L. (2018). Individual assessments of aggression: Accounting for core factors. In Ireland J. L., Ireland C. A., Birch P. (Eds.), Violent and sexual offenders: Assessment, treatment and management. Taylor & Francis. https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315310411-12"},{"key":"bibr35-0886260519900946","first-page":"321","volume-title":"Handbook of emotion regulation","author":"John O. P.","year":"2014","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr36-0886260519900946","volume-title":"Professional manual: Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised","author":"Lilienfeld S. O.","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr37-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Long K., Felton J. W., Lilienfeld S. O., Lejuez C. W. (2014). The role of emotion regulation in the relations between psychopathy factors and impulsive and premeditated aggression. Personality Disorders, 5(4), 390\u2013396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/per0000085","DOI":"10.1037\/per0000085"},{"key":"bibr38-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lynam D. R., Hoyle R. H., Newman J. P. (2006). The perils of partialling: Cautionary tales from aggression and psychopathy. Assessment, 13(3), 328\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073191106290562","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191106290562"},{"key":"bibr39-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MacKinnon D. P., Fairchild A. J., Fritz M. S. (2007). Mediation analysis. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 593\u2013614. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085542"},{"key":"bibr40-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miller J. D., Lynam D. R. (2006). Reactive and proactive aggression: Similarities and differences. Personality and Individual Differences, 41(8), 1469\u20131480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.paid.2006.06.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2006.06.004"},{"key":"bibr41-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neal T. M., Sellbom M. (2012). Examining the factor structure of the Hare Self-Report Psychopathy Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 94(3), 244\u2013253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00223891.2011.648294","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2011.648294"},{"key":"bibr42-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neumann A., van Lier P. A. C., Gratz K. L., Koot H. M. (2010). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation difficulties in adolescents using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Assessment, 17(1), 138\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073191109349579","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191109349579"},{"key":"bibr43-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neumann C. S., Hare R. D., Newman J. P. (2007). The super-ordinate nature of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. Journal of Personality Disorders, 21(2), 102\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1521\/pedi.2007.21.2.102","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi.2007.21.2.102"},{"key":"bibr44-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neumann C. S., Hare R. D., Pardini D. A. (2015). Antisociality and the construct of psychopathy: Data from across the globe. Journal of Personality, 83(6), 678\u2013692. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jopy.12127","DOI":"10.1111\/jopy.12127"},{"key":"bibr45-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neumann C. S., Uzieblo K., Crombez G., Hare R. D. (2013). Understanding the Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI) in terms of the unidimensionality, orthogonality, and construct validity of PPI-I and -II. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 4(1), 77\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0027196","DOI":"10.1037\/a0027196"},{"key":"bibr46-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olver M. E., Neumann C. S., Sewall L. A., Lewis K., Hare R. D., Wong S. C. P. (2018). A comprehensive examination of the psychometric properties of the Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised in a Canadian multisite sample of indigenous and non-indigenous offenders. Psychological Assessment, 30(6), 779\u2013792. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/pas0000533","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000533"},{"key":"bibr47-0886260519900946","volume-title":"Manual of the Hare Self-Report Psychopathy Scale","author":"Paulhus D. L.","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr48-0886260519900946","first-page":"611","volume-title":"Handbook of psychopathy","author":"Porter S.","year":"2018","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr49-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Preacher K. J., Kelley K. (2011). Effect size measures for mediation models: Quantitative strategies for communicating indirect effects. Psychological Methods, 16(2), 93\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0022658","DOI":"10.1037\/a0022658"},{"key":"bibr50-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Preston O. C., Anestis J. C. (2019). The indirect relationships between psychopathic traits and proactive and reactive aggression through empathy and emotion dysregulation. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. Advance online publication. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10862-019-09760-z","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-019-09760-z"},{"key":"bibr51-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raine A., Dodge K. A., Loeber R., Gatzke-Kopp L., Lynam D. R., Reynolds C., Stouthamer-Loeber M., Liu J. (2006). The Reactive\u2013Proactive Aggression Questionnaire: Differential correlates of reactive and proactive aggression in adolescent boys. Aggressive Behavior, 32(2), 159\u2013171. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ab.20115","DOI":"10.1002\/ab.20115"},{"key":"bibr52-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reidy D. E., Kearns M. C., DeGue S., Lilienfeld S. O., Massetti G., Kiehl K. A. (2015). Why psychopathy matters: Implications for public health and violence prevention. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 24, 214\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avb.2015.05.018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2015.05.018"},{"key":"bibr53-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reidy D. E., Shelley-Tremblay J. F., Lilienfeld S. O. (2011). Psychopathy, reactive aggression, and precarious proclamations: A review of behavioral, cognitive, and biological research. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 16(6), 512\u2013524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avb.2011.06.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2011.06.002"},{"key":"bibr54-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberton T., Daffern M., Bucks R. S. (2012). Emotion regulation and aggression. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(1), 72\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avb.2011.09.006","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2011.09.006"},{"key":"bibr55-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberton T., Daffern M., Bucks R. S. (2014). Maladaptive emotion regulation and aggression in adult offenders. Psychology, Crime & Law, 20(10), 933\u2013954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1068316x.2014.893333","DOI":"10.1080\/1068316X.2014.893333"},{"key":"bibr56-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roberton T., Daffern M., Bucks R. S. (2015). Beyond anger control: Difficulty attending to emotions also predicts aggression in offenders. Psychology of Violence, 5(1), 74\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0037214","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037214"},{"key":"bibr57-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rogier G., Marzo A., Velotti P. (2019). Aggression among offenders: The complex interplay by grandiose narcissism, spitefulness, and impulsivity. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 46(10), 1475\u20131492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0093854819862013","DOI":"10.1177\/0093854819862013"},{"key":"bibr58-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seara-Cardoso A., Queir\u00f3s A., Fernandes E., Coutinho J., Neumann C. S. (2019). Psychometric properties and construct validity of the short version of the Self-Report Psychopathy Scale in a Southern European sample. Journal of Personality Assessment, 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00223891.2019.1617297","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2019.1617297"},{"key":"bibr59-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sellbom M., Laurinavi\u010dius A., Ustinavi\u010di\u016bt\u0117 L., Laurinaityt\u0117 I. (2018). The triarchic psychopathy measure: An examination in a Lithuanian inmate sample. Psychological Assessment, 30(7), e10\u2013e20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/pas0000603","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000603"},{"key":"bibr60-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shane M. S., Groat L. L. (2018). Capacity for upregulation of emotional processing in psychopathy: All you have to do is ask. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 13(11), 1163\u20131176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/scan\/nsy088","DOI":"10.1093\/scan\/nsy088"},{"key":"bibr61-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shorey R. C., Brasfield H., Febres J., Stuart G. L. (2011). An examination of the association between difficulties with emotion regulation and dating violence perpetration. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 20(8), 870\u2013885. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10926771.2011.629342","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2011.629342"},{"key":"bibr62-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Somma A., Andershed H., Borroni S., Salekin R. T., Fossati A. (2018). Psychopathic personality traits in relation to self-report delinquency in adolescence: Should we mind about interaction effects? Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 40(1), 69\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10862-018-9658-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s10862-018-9658-6"},{"key":"bibr63-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomson N. D., Centifanti L. C. M. (2018). Proactive and reactive aggression subgroups in typically developing children: The role of executive functioning, psychophysiology, and psychopathy. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 49(2), 197\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10578-017-0741-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s10578-017-0741-0"},{"key":"bibr64-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuente S. K., Bogaerts S., Veling W. (2019). Hostile attribution bias and aggression in adults\u2014A systematic review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 46, 66\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avb.2019.01.009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2019.01.009"},{"key":"bibr65-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Velotti P., Casselman R. B., Garofalo C., McKenzie M. D. (2017). Unique associations among emotion dysregulation dimensions and aggressive tendencies: A multisite study. Violence and Victims, 32(5), 791\u2013810. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1891\/0886-6708.VV-D-16-00079","DOI":"10.1891\/0886-6708.VV-D-16-00079"},{"key":"bibr66-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weiss B., Crowe M. L., Harris A. M., Carter N. T., Lynam D. R., Watts A. L. \u2026Miller J. D. (2019). Examining hypothesized interactive and curvilinear relations between psychopathic traits and externalizing problems in an offender sample using item response-based analysis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 128(7), 689\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/abn0000462","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000462"},{"key":"bibr67-0886260519900946","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winer E. S., Cervone D., Bryant J., McKinney C., Liu R. T., Nadorff M. R. (2016). Distinguishing mediational models and analyses in clinical psychology: Atemporal associations do not imply causation. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 72(9), 947\u2013955. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jclp.22298","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.22298"},{"key":"bibr68-0886260519900946","volume-title":"Guidelines for a psychopathy treatment program","author":"Wong S. C. P.","year":"2005"}],"container-title":["Journal of Interpersonal Violence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0886260519900946","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0886260519900946","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0886260519900946","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:17:08Z","timestamp":1777504628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0886260519900946"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,26]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23-24","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0886260519900946"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260519900946","relation":{},"ISSN":["0886-2605","1552-6518"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0886-2605","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6518","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,26]]}}}