{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T22:13:24Z","timestamp":1784585604871,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"23-24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]],"date-time":"2022-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]],"date-time":"2022-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644624000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Norwegian Ministry of Children and Families"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    It is increasingly acknowledged that companion animal abuse often occurs in the same contexts as other types of abuse, particularly domestic abuse. However, the co-occurrence and strengths of these associations in the general population have not been well established in research. With data from a large representative sample of Norwegian adolescents, we aimed to determine 1) the extent to which Norwegian children are exposed to companion animal abuse in the family, 2) whether and how companion animal abuse is linked to other forms of domestic abuse that children experience, and 3) background factors associated with companion animal abuse. A total of 9240 adolescents aged 12\u201316\u00a0years (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>age<\/jats:sub>\n                    14.7) participated in the digital school-based survey. Four percent (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 380) reported that they had ever witnessed a parent being violent towards a family companion animal, whereas 1% (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 125) had experienced that an adult in the household had threatened to harm a companion animal. There was a substantial overlap between companion animal abuse and child abuse, and it most frequently co-occurred with psychological abuse and less severe forms of physical child abuse. This resonates with conceptualizations of domestic abuse as an ongoing pattern of psychological abuse and coercive control. The risk factors identified for companion animal abuse in this representative sample of adolescents were similar to known risk factors for domestic abuse. Low socioeconomic status and parents\u2019 substance abuse, parents\u2019 psychiatric illness, and parents\u2019 history of incarceration entailed a greater risk of experiencing companion animal abuse. We conclude that companion animal abuse co-occurs with other forms of domestic abuse and that it may be considered a part of the repertoire of domestic abuse that impacts children.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605211072176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]],"date-time":"2022-02-12T09:42:19Z","timestamp":1644658939000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Childhood Experiences of Companion Animal Abuse and its Co-Occurrence with Domestic Abuse: Evidence from a National Youth Survey in Norway"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7823-7724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karianne","family":"Muri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Else-Marie","family":"Augusti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margunn","family":"Bj\u00f8rnholt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies"},{"name":"University of Bergen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gertrud Sofie","family":"Hafstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838017708785"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"\u201cMy dog is my best friend\u201d: Health benefits of emotional attachment to a pet dog","volume":"5","author":"Andreassen G.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Andreassen G., Stenvold L. 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