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We determined PTSD prevalence by violence attribution (motivated by sexual prejudice or not) and measured PTSD\u2013attribution associations. Using a 2020 nationwide cross-sectional survey of 2,886 GBMSM who reported ever experiencing interpersonal violence, we performed multivariable modified Poisson regressions with robust variance estimators to examine differences in prevalence of current PTSD by how participants attributed the violence (occurring due to one\u2019s same-sex practices, not occurring due to one\u2019s same-sex practices, or being unsure if it occurred due to one\u2019s same-sex practices). Model results are reported as adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Median age was 27\u2009years; 78.8% of participants identified as gay, and 62.2% were non-Hispanic White. Violence was attributed to same-sex practices by 45.8% of participants; 46.3% did not make this attribution, and 7.0% were unsure (0.9% preferred not to answer). Overall, 23.0% screened positive for PTSD, and PTSD prevalence was greater for those who attributed violence to same-sex practices (25.9% [342\/1,321]; aPR\u2009=\u20091.55, 95% CI [1.34, 1.79]) and those who were unsure (33.5% [68\/203]; aPR\u2009=\u20091.80, 95% CI [1.44, 2.25]) compared to those who did not make the attribution (18.1% [242\/1,335]). Age modified this association, with participants 15 to 19 years old who made the attribution being significantly more likely to have PTSD relative to 20+ participants who also made the attribution. In addition to violence-prevention and stigma-mitigation efforts, interventions targeting attribution styles may be useful for violence-exposed GBMSM, especially teenagers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605231169755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,29]],"date-time":"2023-04-29T02:54:55Z","timestamp":1682736895000},"page":"9739-9764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Targeted Violence as a Risk Factor for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Cisgender Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who have Sex with Men in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9358-7899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Mark","family":"Wiginton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, USA"},{"name":"San Diego State University, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4976-9713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan D.","family":"Baral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Travis H.","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2013.785455"},{"key":"bibr2-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0026642"},{"key":"bibr3-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwz270"},{"key":"bibr4-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018661"},{"key":"bibr5-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.73.3.477"},{"key":"bibr6-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00918369.2014.957133"},{"key":"bibr7-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104627"},{"key":"bibr8-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22059"},{"key":"bibr9-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.17.197251"},{"key":"bibr10-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2008.152942"},{"key":"bibr11-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000254"},{"key":"bibr12-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(99)00030-6"},{"key":"bibr13-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-010-9302-6"},{"key":"bibr14-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010238"},{"key":"bibr15-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.71.1.53"},{"key":"bibr16-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00385-X"},{"key":"bibr17-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10879-009-9130-8"},{"key":"bibr18-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220183221086455"},{"key":"bibr19-08862605231169755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2008.10.002"},{"key":"bibr20-08862605231169755","unstructured":"Federal Bureau of Investigation. 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