{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T23:30:53Z","timestamp":1785195053086,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"19-20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R24HD042854"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24HD042854"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F310MH113508"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F310MH113508"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30MH062294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30MH062294"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01MD015005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01MD015005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L32MD016555"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L32MD016555"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent consequence of physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV); however, little is known about the unique contributions of economic IPV. Furthermore, women\u2019s economic self-sufficiency may explicate the potential relationship between economic IPV and PTSD symptoms. Guided by the Stress Process Theory and Intersectionality, this study examined associations between economic IPV and women\u2019s PTSD symptoms and assessed economic self-sufficiency as a mediator. Participants were 255 adult women experiencing IPV recruited from metropolitan Baltimore, MD, and the state of CT who participated in two different studies. Participants completed surveys on IPV, economic self-sufficiency, and PTSD. Path analyses were conducted to examine direct and indirect associations of economic IPV with economic self-sufficiency and PTSD. Economic IPV was uniquely associated with PTSD symptoms while controlling for other forms of IPV. Economic self-sufficiency significantly partially mediated the association between economic IPV and PTSD symptoms such that economic IPV was associated with PTSD symptoms through economic self-sufficiency. Economic IPV may limit women\u2019s ability to make autonomous decisions related to finances, which could be distressing. The mental health impact of economic IPV may be particularly debilitating for women with low economic self-sufficiency as their posttraumatic stress occurs within the context of feeling unable to meet their financial goals and also having a partner control their economic resources. Fostering economic empowerment and asset building may be a strengths-based approach to reduce the PTSD symptomatology among women experiencing IPV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605231178357","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]],"date-time":"2023-06-30T08:27:10Z","timestamp":1688113630000},"page":"11091-11116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Recent Economic Intimate Partner Violence and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Sample of U.S. Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2848-7212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiara C.","family":"Willie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4840-6574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamila A.","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurel","family":"Sharpless","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4770-5070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Zemlak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan V.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA"},{"name":"Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trace S.","family":"Kershaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11199-018-0956-y"},{"key":"bibr2-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/vio0000174"},{"key":"bibr3-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260513496895"},{"key":"bibr4-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801208315529"},{"key":"bibr5-08862605231178357","volume":"36","author":"Alexander K. A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"key":"bibr6-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838016637080"},{"key":"bibr7-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"bibr8-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30569-X"},{"key":"bibr9-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801208322058"},{"key":"bibr10-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOTS.0000048954.50232.d8"},{"key":"bibr11-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.12.015"},{"key":"bibr12-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243206294108"},{"key":"bibr13-08862605231178357","volume-title":"National intimate partner and sexual violence survey","author":"Black M. C.","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr14-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2012.300750"},{"key":"bibr15-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/josi.12406"},{"key":"bibr16-08862605231178357","first-page":"1","volume":"23","author":"Cardenas I.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work"},{"key":"bibr17-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0886-6708.20.6.625"},{"key":"bibr18-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203900055"},{"key":"bibr19-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/QEN-120001878"},{"key":"bibr20-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1229039"},{"key":"bibr21-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pap0000253"},{"key":"bibr22-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260517731311"},{"key":"bibr23-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13545700210167369"},{"key":"bibr24-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2021.01400"},{"key":"bibr25-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-7622-10-12"},{"key":"bibr26-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J015v25n03_07"},{"key":"bibr27-08862605231178357","volume-title":"The status of Black Women in the United States","author":"DuMonthier A.","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr28-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260506289178"},{"key":"bibr29-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838008319255"},{"key":"bibr30-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.07.065"},{"key":"bibr31-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022079418229"},{"key":"bibr32-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088610999300800402"},{"key":"bibr33-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.58.110405.085530"},{"key":"bibr34-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019174"},{"key":"bibr35-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J014v23n03_01"},{"key":"bibr36-08862605231178357","volume-title":"Sister citizen: Shame, stereotypes, and Black women in America","author":"Harris-Perry M. V.","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr37-08862605231178357","first-page":"641","volume":"95","author":"Havard C. J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"St. John\u2019s Law Review"},{"key":"bibr38-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260514539758"},{"key":"bibr39-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003122419848723"},{"key":"bibr40-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118"},{"key":"bibr41-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-13297-4"},{"key":"bibr42-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838001002002001"},{"key":"bibr43-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380211052244"},{"key":"bibr44-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483385693"},{"key":"bibr45-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6402.2007.00385.x"},{"key":"bibr46-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801220940397"},{"key":"bibr47-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260508314335"},{"key":"bibr48-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10834-022-09847-y"},{"key":"bibr49-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1988.10478722"},{"key":"bibr50-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-7795.2004.01402001.x"},{"key":"bibr51-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pam.21666"},{"key":"bibr52-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15299732.2020.1869098"},{"key":"bibr53-08862605231178357","unstructured":"National Partnership for Women & Families. (2020). Black Women and the Wage Gap. https:\/\/www.nationalpartnership.org\/our-work\/resources\/economic-justice\/fair-pay\/african-american-women-wage-gap.pdf"},{"key":"bibr54-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2014.10.005"},{"key":"bibr55-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136956"},{"key":"bibr56-08862605231178357","first-page":"161","volume-title":"A handbook for the study of mental health: Social contexts, theories, and systems","author":"Pearlin L. I.","year":"1999"},{"key":"bibr57-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcop.20047"},{"key":"bibr58-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838018764160"},{"key":"bibr59-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2012.06.005"},{"key":"bibr60-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260511421669"},{"key":"bibr61-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801215610012"},{"key":"bibr62-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.01.024"},{"key":"bibr63-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801214564167"},{"key":"bibr64-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260517706760"},{"key":"bibr65-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.09.023"},{"key":"bibr66-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmmh.2022.100085"},{"key":"bibr67-08862605231178357","volume-title":"The national intimate partner and sexual violence survey: 2015 data brief\u2013updated release","author":"Smith S. G.","year":"2018"},{"key":"bibr68-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019251396017003001"},{"key":"bibr69-08862605231178357","volume-title":"The conflict tactics scales handbook: Revised conflict tactics scale (CTS2) and CTS: Parent-child version (CTSPC)","author":"Straus M. A.","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr70-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-018-9973-4"},{"key":"bibr71-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20474"},{"key":"bibr72-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20318"},{"key":"bibr73-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15504263.2016.1146516"},{"key":"bibr74-08862605231178357","volume-title":"Using multivariate statistics","volume":"5","author":"Tabachnick B. G.","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr75-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801206297437"},{"key":"bibr76-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/0886-6708.14.1.25"},{"key":"bibr77-08862605231178357","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2012). Truvada for PrEP fact sheet: Ensuring safe and proper use. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/files\/drugs\/published\/Truvada-for-PrEP-Fact-Sheet\u2014Ensuring-Safe-and-Proper-Use.pdf"},{"key":"bibr78-08862605231178357","unstructured":"US Public Health Service. (2014). Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States-2014 clinical practice guideline. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/pdf\/risk\/prep\/cdc-hiv-prep-guidelines-2017.pdf"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr79-08862605231178357","first-page":"222","volume":"28","author":"Voth Schrag R. J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Aggression"},{"key":"bibr80-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2018.09.007"},{"key":"bibr81-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10502556.2012.755066"},{"key":"bibr82-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cou0000165"},{"key":"bibr83-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798417732414"},{"key":"bibr84-08862605231178357","volume-title":"The ptsd checklist for dsm-5 (pcl-5)","author":"Weathers F. W.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr85-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260504269700"},{"key":"bibr86-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-3549(04)50068-7"},{"key":"bibr87-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001935"},{"key":"bibr88-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-019-02469-w"},{"key":"bibr89-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.113957"},{"key":"bibr90-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0017470"},{"key":"bibr91-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-4560.1992.tb01158.x"},{"key":"bibr92-08862605231178357","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304428"}],"container-title":["Journal of Interpersonal Violence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605231178357","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08862605231178357","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605231178357","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:18:20Z","timestamp":1777504700000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08862605231178357"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19-20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08862605231178357"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08862605231178357","relation":{},"ISSN":["0886-2605","1552-6518"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0886-2605","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6518","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]}}}