{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T18:22:19Z","timestamp":1783707739874,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700438400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003977","name":"Israel Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant No. 614\/19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 614\/19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Teachers are at the frontlines of the fight to identify and cope with child sexual abuse (CSA) among their pupils. Their methods of coping with CSA cases, both personally and professionally, are strongly influenced by their socio-cultural contexts and religious beliefs. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the experiences of Christian Arab teachers in Israel coping with the CSA of their pupils. Twelve Christian Arab elementary school teachers in Israel were recruited for the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and a qualitative thematic analysis was employed based on a descriptive phenomenological-psychological approach. Two key themes emerged from the analysis: (a) The teachers\u2019 intense emotional reactions regarding the CSA of their students and the empowerment some found in handling such difficult situations, and (b) The teachers\u2019 Christian beliefs and identity strongly affected their understanding of CSA and their approach to intervention. The findings indicated the dialectical position of the teachers\u2019 religio-cultural context, particularly the duality of the Christian value of forgiveness, a powerful resource for their coping, yet with adverse implications for children\u2019s vulnerability. This unique risk should inform training teachers regarding CSA matters. Teachers must also have systems that support them and allow them to reflectively examine their coping styles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605231212419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T06:10:51Z","timestamp":1700460651000},"page":"1785-1810","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["\u201cWe Try to Fix Things Quietly, and We Do Not Take Revenge\u201d: Christian Arab Teachers\u2019 Experiences Coping with Child Sexual Abuse Among Their Pupils in Israel"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1092-3672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Ilene","family":"Sigad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oranim College of Education, Tivon, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Shehadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oranim College of Education, Tivon, Israel"},{"name":"The Department of Education, Municipality of Haifa, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1232-0584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efrat","family":"Lusky-Weisrose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7688-3303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dafna","family":"Tener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.03.003"},{"key":"bibr2-08862605231212419","unstructured":"Association of Rape Crisis Centers in Israel. (2008). Lo bebit sefrainu: Doch shnati igud mercazey hasiyua [Not at our school: Annual Report 2008]. ARCCI. https:\/\/rb.gy\/btc9hu"},{"key":"bibr3-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1361767032000052980"},{"key":"bibr4-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380211061773"},{"key":"bibr5-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2397.2011.00866.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr6-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.47381\/aijre.v22i1.608","volume":"22","author":"Barbagallo M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Australian and International Journal of Rural Education"},{"key":"bibr7-08862605231212419","unstructured":"Becker O., Mizrahi-Simon S. (2017). Hakasharot lebalei tafkidim haovdim im nifgaot tkifa minit [Training for professionals working with victims of sexual assault]. Knesset Research and Information Center. https:\/\/rb.gy\/iyz53j"},{"key":"bibr8-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13645570802156196"},{"key":"bibr9-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"bibr10-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02297797"},{"key":"bibr11-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Leadership and religious schools: International perspectives and challenges","author":"Buchanan M. T.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr12-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Child sexual abuse in the Catholic church: An interpretive review of the literature and public inquiry reports","author":"Cahill D.","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr13-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1754730X.2015.1080123"},{"key":"bibr14-08862605231212419","unstructured":"Cooperman A., Sahgal N., Schiller A. (2016). Israel\u2019s religiously divided society. Pew Research Center. https:\/\/www.pewforum.org\/2016\/03\/08\/israels-religiously-divided-society\/"},{"key":"bibr15-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches","author":"Creswell J. W.","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr16-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1355835807078263"},{"key":"bibr17-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18052\/www.scipress.com\/ILSHS.32.175"},{"key":"bibr18-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5204\/ijcjsd.v2i1.92"},{"key":"bibr19-08862605231212419","volume-title":"The Sage handbook of qualitative research","author":"Denzin N. K.","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr20-08862605231212419","unstructured":"Director General\u2019s Circular. (2008). Orchot chaim bemosdot chinuch [Living conditions in educational institutions]. Ministry of Education https:\/\/rb.gy\/vmwto3"},{"key":"bibr21-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260516650966"},{"key":"bibr22-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156916212X632943"},{"key":"bibr23-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2010.512520"},{"key":"bibr24-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153476560200800102"},{"key":"bibr25-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0020872814564705"},{"key":"bibr26-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01763107"},{"key":"bibr27-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-5270-2_7"},{"key":"bibr28-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2013.800935"},{"key":"bibr29-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30286-X"},{"key":"bibr30-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114523"},{"key":"bibr31-08862605231212419","first-page":"25","volume":"4","author":"Henry P.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Research Journal of Recent Sciences"},{"key":"bibr32-08862605231212419","unstructured":"Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. (2020). Population of Israel on the eve of 2021. Central Bureau of Statistics. https:\/\/www.cbs.gov.il\/en\/mediarelease\/Pages\/2020\/Population-of-Israel-on-the-Eve-of-2021.aspx"},{"key":"bibr33-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Risk profiles for institutional child sexual abuse: A literature review","author":"Kaufman K.","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr34-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470773291"},{"key":"bibr35-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40653-016-0118-8"},{"key":"bibr36-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10656219.2019.1649401"},{"key":"bibr37-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09518390310001632153"},{"key":"bibr38-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.104192"},{"key":"bibr39-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2016.1189474"},{"key":"bibr40-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Beginning qualitative research: A philosophic and practical guide","volume":"6","author":"Maykut P. S.","year":"1994"},{"key":"bibr41-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Qualitative research design: An interactive approach","author":"Maxwell J. A.","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr42-08862605231212419","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Faith schools: Consensus or conflict?","author":"McGettrick B.","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr43-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Religion: The social context","author":"McGuire M. B.","year":"2008"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr44-08862605231212419","first-page":"28","volume":"28","author":"Miller K.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Issues in Teacher Education"},{"key":"bibr45-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315588501"},{"key":"bibr46-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14746\/ikps.2019.25.16"},{"key":"bibr47-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.10.021"},{"key":"bibr48-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406917733847"},{"key":"bibr49-08862605231212419","first-page":"59","volume-title":"Project axis: Child sexual abuse in Queensland: Selected research papers","author":"Parkinson P.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr50-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Child sexual abuse and the churches: Understanding the issues","author":"Parkinson P.","year":"2003"},{"key":"bibr51-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Qualitative research and evaluation methods","author":"Patton M. Q.","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr52-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/trm0000239"},{"key":"bibr53-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1540-6385.00105"},{"key":"bibr54-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2019.08.017"},{"key":"bibr55-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2018.1563261"},{"key":"bibr56-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1468794109356739"},{"key":"bibr57-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/002075998400204"},{"key":"bibr58-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2018.1486934"},{"key":"bibr59-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.08.019"},{"key":"bibr60-08862605231212419","author":"Sigad L. I.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Child and Youth Care Forum"},{"key":"bibr61-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260520983278"},{"key":"bibr62-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Introduction to phenomenology","author":"Sokolowski R.","year":"2000"},{"key":"bibr63-08862605231212419","volume-title":"The interpreted world: An introduction to phenomenological psychology","author":"Spinelli E.","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr64-08862605231212419","volume-title":"The ethnographic interview","author":"Spradley J.","year":"1979"},{"key":"bibr65-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.104967"},{"key":"bibr66-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2017.11.011"},{"key":"bibr67-08862605231212419","volume-title":"The cost of child abuse in Australia","author":"Taylor P.","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr68-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2021.105368"},{"key":"bibr69-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2022.106597"},{"key":"bibr70-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2022.105656"},{"key":"bibr71-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2019.104465"},{"key":"bibr72-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260515593296"},{"key":"bibr73-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15388220.2019.1697276"},{"key":"bibr74-08862605231212419","unstructured":"Townsend C., Haviland M. L. (2016). The impact of child sexual abuse training for educators on reporting and victim outcomes: The Texas educator initiative. Darkness to Light. https:\/\/www.d2l.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/The-Impact-of-CSA-Training-for-Educators.pdf"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr75-08862605231212419","first-page":"110","volume":"27","author":"VanOyen Witvliet C.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Psychology & Christianity"},{"key":"bibr76-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2012.06.004"},{"key":"bibr77-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538711003781392"},{"key":"bibr78-08862605231212419","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Handbook of interview research: Context and method","author":"Warren C. A.","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr79-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Cultural identity and teaching","author":"White K. K.","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr80-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260519888540"},{"key":"bibr81-08862605231212419","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315428970"},{"key":"bibr82-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Art in action: Toward a Christian aesthetic","author":"Wolterstorff N.","year":"1980"},{"key":"bibr83-08862605231212419","unstructured":"WHO. (2017). Responding to children and adolescents who have been sexually abused: WHO clinical guidelines. WHO. https:\/\/bit.ly\/2Xg4VnQ"},{"key":"bibr84-08862605231212419","volume-title":"Christianity and mental health: Suffering, joy, inner conflicts, transcendence and salvation","author":"Yip K. S.","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Journal of Interpersonal Violence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605231212419","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08862605231212419","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605231212419","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:17:59Z","timestamp":1777504679000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08862605231212419"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7-8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08862605231212419"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08862605231212419","relation":{},"ISSN":["0886-2605","1552-6518"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0886-2605","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6518","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]}}}