{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T05:07:14Z","timestamp":1789103234157,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"21-22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732838400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Many men experience strong negative emotions and a \u201cdiminished masculinity\u201d following sexual victimization. These men may be more willing to express anger, rather than more vulnerable emotions (e.g., shame), in an attempt to maintain their masculinity. However, increased expression of anger among men is linked to other negative outcomes such as increased substance abuse (Eftekhari et al., 2004), suggesting that anger is an ineffective coping strategy for distress. Compared to women, men are understudied in the sexual violence literature. Studies that have been conducted have focused primarily on child sexual abuse, adult males in prison, or military sexual violence samples. Few studies have investigated men\u2019s sexual abuse across their lifetime. This study intended to fill this gap by investigating sexual violence against men across the lifespan. The goal of the current study was to examine how conformity to masculine norms and emotional dysregulation influence the relationship between lifetime sexual violence (LSV) and anger. We hypothesized that the relation between LSV and anger would be mediated by conformity to masculine norms and emotion dysregulation. Data were collected from 532 community and 185 college men. Participants completed measures focused on childhood maltreatment, adult sexual victimization, masculinity, anger, and emotion dysregulation. Two hundred and one (27.1%) men reported LSV experiences. Results suggest men with LSV reported significantly higher scores on conformity to masculine norms, anger, and emotion dysregulation. Regression analyses revealed that LSV directly predicted increased conformity to masculine norms, emotion dysregulation, and anger. Additionally, the indirect effects of emotion dysregulation and masculinity were significant. Findings indicate trauma interventions need to target masculine ideology and emotion dysregulation to help reduce anger as a traditionally acceptable emotional outlet for men.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605241301790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T03:31:13Z","timestamp":1732851073000},"page":"5199-5222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Emotional Dysregulation, Anger, and Masculinity in Men Who Have Experienced Lifetime Sexual Violence"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4210-5498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda J.","family":"DeSantis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Detroit Mercy, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6352-8142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lee R.","family":"Eshelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Detroit Mercy, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7676-5374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terri L.","family":"Messman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15325020500193895"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10615-007-0144-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","first-page":"23","volume-title":"New Vision of Crime Victims","author":"Allen S.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Allen S. (2002). Male victims of rape: Responses to a perceived threat to masculinity. In Hoyle C., Young R. (Eds.), New Vision of Crime Victims (pp. 23\u201348). Hart Publishing."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020828"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-021-02037-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2007.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260516650967"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/men0000036"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2015.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0956-7976.2004.00705.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721411402669"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2014.933464"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691610393980"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.63.3.452"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","volume-title":"Aggression questionnaire (AQ)","author":"Buss A. H.","year":"2000","unstructured":"Buss A. H., Warren W. L. (2000). Aggression questionnaire (AQ). Western Psychological Services."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2013.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tra0000306"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/men0000185"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.70.5.945"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","volume-title":"Masculinities","author":"Connell R. W.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Connell R. W. (1995). Masculinities. University of California Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891243205278639"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021156"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1027\/1864-9335\/a000248"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2009.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988317740665"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10615-012-0420-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.87.6.876"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2004.02.050"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2010.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOTS.0000029263.11104.23"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/men0000054"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2014.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465810000019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445508319282"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","first-page":"113","article-title":"Anger and hostility as primary externalizing features of depression in college men","volume":"14","author":"Genuchi M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Genuchi M. (2015). Anger and hostility as primary externalizing features of depression in college men. International Journal of Men\u2019s Health, 14(2), 113\u2013128.","journal-title":"International Journal of Men\u2019s Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","volume-title":"Child sexual abuse: The initial effects","author":"Gomes-Schwartz B.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gomes-Schwartz B., Horowitz J., Cardarelli A. (1990). Child sexual abuse: The initial effects. Sage."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03637751.2017.1352100"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1524-9220.1.2.116"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-021960"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/vivi.2003.18.5.533"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1524-9220.6.4.275"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2008.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jocc.12090"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1524-9220.6.3.169"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2009.02202.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6402.2007.00385.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.2490070403"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002214650504600107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1524-9220.4.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701004329"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032511-143109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-019-02482-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/14501-000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10538712.2016.1205161"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"The Duluth domestic abuse intervention project","volume":"6","author":"Pence E.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Pence E. (1983). The Duluth domestic abuse intervention project. Hamline Law Review, 6, 247\u2013275.","journal-title":"Hamline Law Review"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00403.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10615-019-00699-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2010.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.124.1.22"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-1789(99)00011-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.24.1.32"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032769"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.74.4.720"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_3_68_1","first-page":"111","article-title":"Sexual coercion and sexual assault: Are the effects on hostility gender specific","volume":"18","author":"Simpson A.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Simpson A., Senn C. Y. (2003). Sexual coercion and sexual assault: Are the effects on hostility gender specific. Guidance & Counseling, 18(3), 111\u2013117.","journal-title":"Guidance & Counseling"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_1","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Handbook of Gender Research in Psychology","author":"Stevens M. A.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stevens M. A., Englar-Carlson M. (2010). Psychotherapy with men. In Chrisler J. C., McCreary D. R. (Eds.), Handbook of Gender Research in Psychology (pp. 221\u2013252). Springer Science + Business Media."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_1","volume-title":"Using multivariate statistics","author":"Tabachnick B. G.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tabachnick B. G., Fidell L. S., Ullman J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (Vol. 5). Pearson."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988310384609"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3149\/jmh.0601.22"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/297751"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0024605"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721410388395"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22303"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-005-1001-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walters M. L. Chen J. Breiding M. J. (2013). The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS): 2010 findings on victimization among male victims by type of perpetrator. Atlanta GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 648(73) 6.","DOI":"10.1037\/e541272013-001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1097184X08322632"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/cou0000176"}],"container-title":["Journal of Interpersonal Violence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605241301790","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08862605241301790","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605241301790","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:18:53Z","timestamp":1777504733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08862605241301790"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21-22","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08862605241301790"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08862605241301790","relation":{},"ISSN":["0886-2605","1552-6518"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0886-2605","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6518","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]]}}}