{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T10:16:18Z","timestamp":1778062578037,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746230400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009882","name":"Regione Lombardia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["\u201cPromozione di progetti e\/o percorsi formativi n"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u201cPromozione di progetti e\/o percorsi formativi n"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009882","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Currently, intimate partner violence (IPV) constitutes a major public health issue and those women experiencing IPV in the context of motherhood have to face additional challenges related to parenting. Literature on how IPV impact on maternal parenting characteristics is controversial and the role of maternal depression on parenting in the context of IPV is still understudied. The current preliminary study included 61 Italian women victims of IPV who completed an online questionnaire. We tested a path-analysis model in which IPV was expected to explain parental practices and stress through the mediation of maternal depression. Our results showed that depressive symptoms in mothers mediated the relationships between IPV and higher engagement in maternal inconsistent discipline and higher parental stress. Findings supported the spillover hypothesis and, at the same time, suggest the need to consider another important factor in the link between IPV and parenting that is mothers\u2019 mental health. It emerged the need to take care of women victims of IPV and also fostering parenting skills and strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605251336362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T07:21:42Z","timestamp":1746256902000},"page":"3853-3864","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Intimate Partner Violence Impact on Maternal Parenting: The Mediational Role of Depressive Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1717-2899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaia","family":"Cucc\u00ec","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department &amp; Faculty of Psychology, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, CRIdee, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Grumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0218-458X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Milani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department &amp; Faculty of Psychology, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, CRIdee, Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychological Association (APA). (2002). Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. American Psychologist 57(12) 1060\u20131073. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0003-066X.57.12.1060","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.57.12.1060"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_3_4_1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anderson K. Van Ee E. (2018). Mothers and children exposed to intimate partner violence: A review of treatment interventions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15091955"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_3_4_1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(9) 1955. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph15091955","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15091955"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banyard V. L. Williams L. M. Siegel J. A. (2003). The impact of complex trauma and depression on parenting: An exploration of mediating risk and protective factors. Child Maltreatment 8(4) 334\u2013349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1077559503257106","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559503257106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barroso N. E. Mendez L. Graziano P. A. Bagner D. M. (2018). Parenting stress through the lens of different clinical groups: A systematic review & meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 46 449\u2013461. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10802-017-0313-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s10802-017-0313-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beydoun H. A. Beydoun M. A. Kaufman J. S. Lo B. Zonderman A. B. (2012). Intimate partner violence against adult women and its association with major depressive disorder depressive symptoms and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Social Science & Medicine 75(6) 959\u2013975. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.04.025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2012.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Camisasca E. Miragoli S. Di Blasio P. (2016). Families with distinct levels of marital conflict and child adjustment: Which role for maternal and paternal stress? Journal of Child and Family Studies 25 733\u2013745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10826-015-0261-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-015-0261-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casanueva C. Martin S. L. Runyan D. K. Barth R. P. Bradley R. H. (2008). Quality of maternal parenting among intimate-partner violence victims involved with the child welfare system. Journal of Family Violence 23 413\u2013427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10896-008-9167-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-008-9167-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2015). Intimate partner violence surveillance. Uniform definitions and recommended data elements. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/violenceprevention\/pdf\/ipv\/intimatepartnerviolence.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiesa A. E. Kallechey L. Harlaar N. Ford C. R. Garrido E. F. Betts W. R. Maguire S. (2018). Intimate partner violence victimization and parenting: A systematic review. Child Abuse & Neglect 80 285\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.03.028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dokkedahl S. B. Kirubakaran R. Bech-Hansen D. Kristensen T. R. Elklit A. (2022). The psychological subtype of intimate partner violence and its effect on mental health: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Systematic Reviews 11(1) 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13643-022-02025-z","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-022-02025-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Esposito A. Servera M. Garcia-Banda G. Del Giudice E. (2016). Factor analysis of the Italian version of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire in a community sample. Journal of Child and Family Studies 25 1208\u20131217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10826-015-0291-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s10826-015-0291-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Mendez R. Hamby S. (2021). Identifying women\u2019s strengths for promoting resilience after experiencing intimate partner violence. Violence and Victims 36(1) 29\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1891\/VV-D-18-00178","DOI":"10.1891\/VV-D-18-00178"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goodman S. H. Simon H. F. Shamblaw A. L. Kim C. Y. (2020). Parenting as a mediator of associations between depression in mothers and children\u2019s functioning: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review 23 427\u2013460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10567-020-00322-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s10567-020-00322-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grasso D. J. Henry D. Kestler J. Nieto R. Wakschlag L. S. Briggs-Gowan M. J. (2016). Harsh parenting as a potential mediator of the association between intimate partner violence and child disruptive behavior in families with young children. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 31(11) 2102\u20132126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260515572472","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260515572472"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grogan-Kaylor A. C. Stein S. Galano M. Graham-Bermann S. A. (2019). Contributions to parenting under stress for women who have experienced intimate partner violence. Partner Abuse 10(2) 164\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1891\/1946-6560.10.2.164","DOI":"10.1891\/1946-6560.10.2.164"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","volume-title":"Parenting Stress Index Short Form. Italian Validation","author":"Guarino A.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Guarino A., Di Blasio P., D\u2019Alessio M., Camisasca E., Serantoni M. (2008). Parenting Stress Index Short Form. Italian Validation. Giunti O.S. Organizzazioni Speciali."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holden G. W. Stein J. D. Ritchie K. L. Harris S. D. Jouriles E. N. (1998). Parenting behaviors and beliefs of battered women. In Holden G. W. Geffner R. Jouriles E. N. (Eds.) Children exposed to marital violence: Theory research and applied issues (pp. 289\u2013334). American Psychological Association. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/10257-009","DOI":"10.1037\/10257-009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","first-page":"57","volume-title":"Advanced structural equation modeling: Issues and techniques","author":"J\u00f6reskog K. G.","year":"1996","unstructured":"J\u00f6reskog K. G., Yang F. (1996). Nonlinear structural equation models: The Kenny-Judd model with interaction effects. In Marcoulides G. A., Schumacker R. E. (Eds.), Advanced structural equation modeling: Issues and techniques (pp. 57\u201388). Erlbaum."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kohlhoff J. Hawes D. J. Mence M. Russell A. M. Wedgwood L. Morgan S. (2016). Emotion regulation strategies and parenting practices among parents of children with clinic-referred conduct problems. Parenting 16(4) 302\u2013319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15295192.2016.1184942","DOI":"10.1080\/15295192.2016.1184942"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lagdon S. Armour C. Stringer M. (2014). Adult experience of mental health outcomes as a result of intimate partner violence victimisation: A systematic review. European Journal of Psychotraumatology 5(1) 24794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/ejpt.v5.24794","DOI":"10.3402\/ejpt.v5.24794"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Letourneau N. L. Fedick C. B. Willms J. D. (2007). Mothering and domestic violence: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Family Violence 22 649\u2013659. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10896-007-9099-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-007-9099-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levendosky A. A. Leahy K. L. Bogat G. A. Davidson W. S. Von Eye A. (2006). Domestic violence maternal parenting maternal mental health and infant externalizing behavior. Journal of Family Psychology 20(4) 544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0893-3200.20.4.544","DOI":"10.1037\/0893-3200.20.4.544"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levendosky A. A. Lynch S. M. Graham-Bermann S. A. (2000). Mothers\u2019 perceptions of the impact of woman abuse on their parenting. Violence Against Women 6(3) 247\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1077801002218183","DOI":"10.1177\/10778010022181831"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lovejoy M. C. Graczyk P. A. O\u2019Hare E. Neuman G. (2000). Maternal depression and parenting behavior: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review 20(5) 561\u2013592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0272-7358(98)00100-7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(98)00100-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rea J. G. Rossman B. R. (2005). Children exposed to interparental violence: Does parenting contribute to functioning over time? Journal of Emotional Abuse 5(1) 1\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1300\/J135v05n01_01","DOI":"10.1300\/J135v05n01_01"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Renner L. M. (2009). Intimate partner violence victimization and parenting stress: Assessing the mediating role of depressive symptoms. Violence Against Women 15(11) 1380\u20131401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1077801209346712","DOI":"10.1177\/1077801209346712"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shay N. L. Knutson J. F. (2008). Maternal depression and trait anger as risk factors for escalated physical discipline. Child Maltreatment 13(1) 39\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1077559507310","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559507310611"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Signorelli M. S. Arcidiacono E. Musumeci G. Di Nuovo S. Aguglia E. (2014). Detecting domestic violence: Italian validation of revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS-2). Journal of Family Violence 29 361\u2013369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10896-014-9594-5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-014-9594-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sousa C. A. Siddiqi M. Bogue B. (2022). What do we know after decades of research about parenting and IPV? A systematic scoping review integrating findings. Trauma Violence & Abuse 23(5) 1629\u20131642. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380211016019","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380211016019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sypher I. Gershoff E. T. Hyde L. W. (2022). Intimate partner violence and parenting: Examining the roles of parenting stress timing and maternal abuse history. Journal of Family Violence 37(2) 261\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10896-021-00265-6","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-021-00265-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tolman R. M. (1999). The validation of the Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory. Violence and Victims 14(1) 25\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1891\/0886-6708.14.1.25","DOI":"10.1891\/0886-6708.14.1.25"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turney K. (2011). Labored love: Examining the link between maternal depression and parenting behaviors. Social Science Research 40(1) 399\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2010.09.009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssresearch.2010.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ward K. P. Lee S. J. (2020). Mothers\u2019 and fathers\u2019 parenting stress responsiveness and child wellbeing among low-income families. Children and Youth Services Review 116 105218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2020.105218"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolford S. N. Cooper A. N. McWey L. M. (2019). Maternal depression maltreatment history and child outcomes: The role of harsh parenting. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 89(2) 181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/ort0000365","DOI":"10.1037\/ort0000365"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). (2013). Global and regional estimates of violence against women: Prevalence and health effects of intimate partner violence and non -partner sexual violence. http:\/\/www.who.int\/reproductivehealth\/publications\/violence\/9789241564625\/en\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","volume-title":"Global status report on violence prevention 2014","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2014","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). (2014). Global status report on violence prevention 2014. Author."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","volume-title":"Respect women: preventing violence against women","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2019","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). (2019). Respect women: preventing violence against women. Author."}],"container-title":["Journal of Interpersonal Violence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605251336362","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08862605251336362","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605251336362","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T09:46:52Z","timestamp":1778060812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08862605251336362"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11-12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08862605251336362"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08862605251336362","relation":{},"ISSN":["0886-2605","1552-6518"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0886-2605","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6518","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]}}}