{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T05:43:51Z","timestamp":1786167831395,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"17-18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Nordic Research Council for Criminology","award":["20250074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20250074"]}]},{"name":"Research Council of Finland profiling grant for SWAN and FooDrug"},{"name":"European Research Council under the European Union\u2019s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme","award":["101019329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101019329"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009047","name":"Strategic Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["345219"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["345219"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009047","name":"Strategic Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["352543-352572"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["352543-352572"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009047","name":"Strategic Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["352543\u2013352574"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["352543\u2013352574"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Research Council of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["339646"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["339646"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Parental incarceration is associated with harmful outcomes in children, but little is known about the relationship between parental incarceration and offspring violent victimization. Using Finnish total population register data (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091,017,072), we studied the association between parental incarceration and violent victimization in childhood and adolescence and identified perpetrator\u2019s relationship with the victim. We conducted population-level and stratified Cox regression analyses and estimated cumulative incidence from Kaplan-Meier analysis to study the relative and absolute risks of violent victimization. In the population-level analyses, we examined the general risk of violent victimization among children with and without parental incarceration. In the stratified analyses, we studied the risk of violent victimization in relation to the length of co-residence with the parent. We further analyzed relationships between victims and perpetrators. We found that parental incarceration was associated with a notably elevated risk for violent victimization in childhood and adolescence (hazard ratios of 2.4\u20134.4). The highest relative risks were found for maternal incarceration. The associations between parental incarceration and violent victimization were stronger among children who had co-resided longer with the parent. The absolute risks were the highest for children with incarcerated mothers regardless of co-residence. Among children with parental incarceration, a notable proportion (21.2%\u201336.4%) of violent victimization was perpetrated by an adult outside the family. Our findings highlight that children with parental incarceration are at a high risk of being violently victimized in childhood and adolescence, and a substantial part of the violence is conducted by someone outside the family. Better identification of violence among children with parental incarceration is needed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605261452168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T08:41:26Z","timestamp":1780648886000},"page":"6885-6909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Parental Incarceration and Children\u2019s Risk of Violent Victimization: An Examination of Risks and Perpetrators\u2019 Relationship With the Victim in Finnish Total Population Data"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1230-8591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilona","family":"Nissinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikko","family":"Aaltonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8413-6399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joonas","family":"Pitk\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"The Max Planck \u2013 University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health (MaxHel Center), Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pekka","family":"Martikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"The Max Planck \u2013 University of Helsinki Center for Social Inequalities in Population Health (MaxHel Center), Finland"},{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0685-2445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karoliina","family":"Suonp\u00e4\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5695-117X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antti","family":"Latvala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aaltonen M. Pitk\u00e4nen J. Tyni S. Martikainen P. (2024). The changing socioeconomic composition of the Finnish prison population. Demographic Research 51 823\u2013854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4054\/DemRes.2024.51.27","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2024.51.27"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abate B. B. Sendekie A. K. Alamaw A. W. Tegegne K. M. Kitaw T. A. Bizuayehu M. A. Kassaw A. Yilak G. Zemariam A. B. Tilahun B. D. (2025). Prevalence determinants and complications of adolescent pregnancy: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. AJOG Global Reports 5(1) Article 100441. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xagr.2025.100441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xagr.2025.100441"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","unstructured":"Aebi M. F. Cocco E. Molnar L. (2023). Prisons and prisoners in Europe 2022: Key findings of the SPACE I survey. UNILCRIM. Retrieved April 1 2026 from https:\/\/wp.unil.ch\/space\/files\/2023\/06\/230626_Key-Findings-SPACE-I_Prisons-and-Prisoners-in-Europe-2022.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agnew R. (1992). Foundation for a general strain theory of crime and delinquency. Criminology 30(1) 47\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01093.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01093.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andersen L. H. (2016). How children\u2019s educational outcomes and criminality vary by duration and frequency of paternal incarceration. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 665(1) 149\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0002716216632782","DOI":"10.1177\/0002716216632782"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anker A. S. T. (2023). Educational consequences of paternal incarceration: Evidence from a Danish policy reform. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 39(1) 125\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10940-021-09531-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s10940-021-09531-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Austin A. (2016). Is prior parental criminal justice involvement associated with child maltreatment? A systematic review. Children and Youth Services Review 68 146\u2013153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2016.07.008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2016.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baldwin J. R. Wang B. Y. Karwatowska L. Schoeler T. Tsaligopoulou A. Munaf\u00f3 M. R. Pingault J. B. (2023). Childhood maltreatment and mental health problems: A systematic review and meta-analysis of quasi-experimental studies. American Journal of Psychiatry 180(2) 117\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.20220174","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.20220174"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Berg M. T. Felson R. (2020). A social interactionist approach to the victim-offender overlap. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 36(1) 153\u2013181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10940-019-09418-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s10940-019-09418-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Besemer S. van der Geest V. Murray J. Bijleveld C. Farrington D. P. (2011). The relationship between parental imprisonment and offspring offending in England and the Netherlands. British Journal of Criminology 51(2) 413\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjc\/azq072","DOI":"10.1093\/bjc\/azq072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choenni V. Hammink A. van de Mheen D. (2017). Association between substance use and the perpetration of family violence in industrialized countries: A systematic review. Trauma Violence & Abuse 18(1) 37\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1524838015589253","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838015589253"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","unstructured":"Criminal Code. (39\/1889). The criminal code of Finland 39\/1889. Unofficial translation. Finlex. Retrieved April 1 2026 from https:\/\/www.finlex.fi\/api\/media\/statute-foreign-language-translation\/893995\/mainPdf\/main.pdf?timestamp=2025-12-04T06%3A17%3A49.000Z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Devries K. Knight L. Petzold M. Merrill K. G. Maxwell L. Williams A. Cappa C. Chan K. L. Garcia-Moreno C. Hollis N. Kress H. Peterman A. Walsh S. D. Kishor S. Guedes A. Bott S. Riveros B. C. B. Watts C. Abrahams N. (2018). Who perpetrates violence against children? A systematic analysis of age-specific and sex-specific data. BMJ Paediatrics Open 2(1) Article e000180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjpo-2017-000180","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2017-000180"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ellonen N. Pitk\u00e4nen J. Aaltonen M. Remes H. Martikainen P. (2024). Socioeconomic differences in children\u2019s victimization to maternal and paternal violence: A register-based study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 52(7) 800\u2013809. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14034948231180670","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948231180670"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Frisell T. Lichtenstein P. L\u00e5ngstr\u00f6m N. (2011). Violent crime runs in families: A total population study of 12.5 million individuals. Psychological Medicine 41(1) 97\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291710000462","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710000462"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gr\u00f6nqvist H. Niknami S. Palme M. Priks M. (2025). The intergenerational effects of parental incarceration. The Economic Journal. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ej\/ueaf136","DOI":"10.1093\/ej\/ueaf136"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J\u00e4rvinen A. Lichtenstein P. D\u2019Onofrio B. M. Fazel S. Kuja-Halkola R. Latvala A. (2024). Health behavior and social outcomes among offspring of parents with criminal convictions: A register-based study from Sweden. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 65(12) 1590\u20131600. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcpp.14003","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.14003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jennings W. G. Piquero A. R. Reingle J. M. (2012). On the overlap between victimization and offending: A review of the literature. Aggression and Violent Behavior 17(1) 16\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.avb.2011.09.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2011.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K\u00e4llstr\u00f6m \u00c5. Hellfeldt K. Nylander P. (2019). Parental imprisonment child victimization and adult problems. European Journal of Criminology 16(6) 671\u2013688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1477370818775286","DOI":"10.1177\/1477370818775286"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lahti K. Laajasalo T. Backman H. Peltonen K. Kaakinen M. Aronen E. T. (2024). Victimization immigration status and psychosocial well-being: A representative study among Finnish adolescents. Child Abuse & Neglect 158 Article 107140. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2024.107140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2024.107140"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lawrence-Wills S. (2004). Incarcerated mothers reports of their daughters\u2019 antisocial behavior maternal supervision and mother-daughter relationship. Journal of Family Social Work 8(3) 55\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1300\/J039v08n03_04","DOI":"10.1300\/J039v08n03_04"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee C. Park S. Lee J. (2024). Familial abuse during childhood and later-life health: Exploring the role of victim-perpetrator relationships. Journals of Gerontology Series B-Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 79(7) Article gbae065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geronb\/gbae065","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbae065"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","volume-title":"Human deviance, social problems, and social control","author":"Lemert E. M.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Lemert E. M. (1967). Human deviance, social problems, and social control. Prentice-Hall."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Linn\u00e9r R. K. Mallard T. T. Barr P. B. Sanchez-Roige S. Madole J. W. Driver M. N. Poore H. E. de Vlaming R. Grotzinger A. D. Tielbeek J. J. Johnson E. C. Liu M. Z. Rosenthal S. B. Ideker T. Zhou H. Kember R. L. Pasman J. A. Verweij K. J. H. Liu D. J. J. . . . Collaborators C. (2021). Multivariate analysis of 1.5 million people identifies genetic associations with traits related to self-regulation and addiction. Nature Neuroscience 24(10) 1367\u20131376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-021-00908-3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-021-00908-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Luk M. S. K. Hui C. Tsang S. K. M. Fung Y. L. Chan C. H. Y. (2023). Physical and psychosocial impacts of parental incarceration on children and adolescents: A systematic review differentiating age of exposure. Adolescent Research Review 8(2) 159\u2013178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40894-022-00182-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s40894-022-00182-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McIntyre J. K. Widom C. S. (2011). Childhood victimization and crime victimization. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 26(4) 640\u2013663. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260510365868","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260510365868"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Merton R. K. (1938). Social structure and anomie. American Sociological Review 3(5) 672\u2013682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2084686","DOI":"10.2307\/2084686"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mills R. Scott J. Alati R. O'Callaghan M. Najman J. M. Strathearn L. (2013). Child maltreatment and adolescent mental health problems in a large birth cohort. Child Abuse & Neglect 37(5) 292\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2012.11.008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2012.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moylan C. A. Herrenkohl T. I. Sousa C. Tajima E. A. Herrenkohl R. C. Russo M. J. (2010). The effects of child abuse and exposure to domestic violence on adolescent internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Journal of Family Violence 25(1) 53\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10896-009-9269-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-009-9269-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nissinen I. Latvala A. Aaltonen M. Martikainen P. Suonp\u00e4\u00e4 K. (2024). Parental incarceration and offspring criminality: A Finnish total population study with sibling comparison. Journal of Criminal Justice 95 Article 102275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2024.102275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrimjus.2024.102275"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nobes G. Panagiotaki G. Jonsson K. R. (2019). Child homicides by stepfathers: A replication and reassessment of the British evidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology-General 148(6) 1091\u20131102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/xge0000492","DOI":"10.1037\/xge0000492"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Norman R. E. Byambaa M. De R. Butchart A. Scott J. Vos T. (2012). The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse emotional abuse and neglect: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Medicine 9(11) Article e1001349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001349","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001349"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olsen R. F. (2022). Paternal imprisonment and adolescent boys\u2019 charge rates. European Journal of Criminology 19(5) 1122\u20131147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1477370820941421","DOI":"10.1177\/1477370820941421"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","unstructured":"Prison and Probation Service of Finland. (2024). Statistical yearbook 2024. Retrieved April 1 2026 from https:\/\/www.rikosseuraamus.fi\/app\/uploads\/sites\/11\/2024\/11\/RISE-Statistical-yearbook-2024.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","unstructured":"Rautanen M. Harald K. Tyni S. (2024). Health and wellbeing of prisoners 2023: The Wattu IV prison population study Finland. Retrieved April 1 2026 from https:\/\/urn.fi\/URN:ISBN:978-952-408-297-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sariaslan A. Pitk\u00e4nen J. Forsman J. Kuja-Halkola R. Brikell I. D\u2019Onofrio B. M. Aaltonen M. Larsson H. Martikainen P. Lichtenstein P. Fazel S. (2024). Risk of common psychiatric disorders suicidal behaviours and premature mortality following violent victimisation: A matched cohort and sibling-comparison study of 127 628 people who experienced violence in Finland and Sweden. PLoS Medicine 21(10) Article e1004410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004410","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004410"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shlafer R. J. Poehlmann J. (2010). Attachment and caregiving relationships in families affected by parental incarceration. Attachment & Human Development 12(4) 395\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14616730903417052","DOI":"10.1080\/14616730903417052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strathearn L. Giannotti M. Mills R. Kisely S. Najman J. Abajobir A. (2020). Long-term cognitive psychological and health outcomes associated with child abuse and neglect. Pediatrics 146(4) Article e20200438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2020-0438","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-0438"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turanovic J. J. (2023). Victimization and its consequences over the life course. Crime and Justice 52(1) 265\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/727029","DOI":"10.1086\/727029"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turney K. (2014). The consequences of paternal incarceration for maternal neglect and harsh parenting. Social Forces 92(4) 1607\u20131636. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sf\/sot160","DOI":"10.1093\/sf\/sot160"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van de Weijer S. G. A. Smallbone H. S. Bouwman V. (2018). Parental imprisonment and premature mortality in adulthood. Journal of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology 4(2) 148\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40865-017-0078-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s40865-017-0078-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wildeman C. Andersen S. H. (2017). Paternal incarceration and children\u2019s risk of being charged by early adulthood: Evidence from a Danish policy shock. Criminology 55(1) 32\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1745-9125.12124","DOI":"10.1111\/1745-9125.12124"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wildeman C. Goldman A. W. Turney K. (2018). Parental incarceration and child health in the United States. Epidemiologic Reviews 40(1) 146\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/epirev\/mxx013","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxx013"}],"container-title":["Journal of Interpersonal Violence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605261452168","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08862605261452168","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605261452168","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T05:16:31Z","timestamp":1786166191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08862605261452168"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17-18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08862605261452168"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08862605261452168","relation":{},"ISSN":["0886-2605","1552-6518"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0886-2605","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6518","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]}}}