{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T20:15:17Z","timestamp":1789676117475,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Women who have experienced intimate partner violence (W-IPV) exhibit relatively high levels of disordered eating (DE). Empowerment has been demonstrated to be a protective factor against negative mental health outcomes for W-IPV, but has not been studied, with respect to DE, in this population. Race is an important construct to understanding both empowerment and DE \u2013 Black women reliably demonstrate higher levels of empowerment and lower levels of weight\/shape concerns (a core symptom of and risk factor for DE) than White women. Additionally, social support has been identified as a factor promoting empowerment among W-IPV, whereas posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms have been associated with DE. This study tested the associations among race, social support, empowerment, PTSD symptoms, and weight\/shape concerns among W-IPV (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009179; 55% Black and 45% White) residing in shelter. Empowerment was negatively correlated with weight\/shape concerns for the full sample. Black W-IPV demonstrated higher levels of empowerment and lower levels of weight\/shape concerns \u2013 there were no race differences on either social support or PTSD symptoms. Additionally, there was a significant indirect effect of race on weight\/shape concerns via empowerment and PTSD symptoms, serially. Black W-IPV reported higher levels of empowerment than White W-IPV, which, in turn, was associated with lower levels of PTSD symptoms, which, finally, was associated with lower levels of weight\/shape concerns. The current results suggest that empowerment may be protective against weight\/shape concerns for W-IPV and may also help explain race differences in this construct. Providers who work with W-IPV should engage in practices that reinforce this culturally relevant protective factor for Black W-IPV. Additionally, future studies should attempt to replicate the current findings using a prospective longitudinal design and, if replicated, researchers should test the application of empowerment-based interventions to weight\/shape concerns among W-IPV.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605261463260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T10:08:19Z","timestamp":1789553299000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clarifying the Protective Role of Empowerment Against Weight\/Shape Concerns Among Black and White Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence and are Residing in Shelter"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5053-7111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha C.","family":"Holmes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"City University of New York, College of Staten Island, USA"},{"name":"City University of New York, The Graduate Center, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2525-2832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandra","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roosevelt University, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erica E.","family":"Temes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Within Health, Columbus, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amani","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City University of New York, College of Staten Island, USA"},{"name":"Yeshiva University, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5970-895X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawn M.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Akron, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aardoom J. 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