{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T20:44:55Z","timestamp":1785703495253,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Domestic violence (DV) against women continues to be a multifaceted social problem that is hard, if not impossible, to achieve agreement on its causes, solutions, or ways of prevention with both professionals and the public alike. Accordingly, this study aims to explore young Kuwaiti adults\u2019 beliefs about the causes of DV against women by examining how interactions among individual, relationship, and societal factors can shape beliefs and their possible ties and correlations with sociodemographic characteristics. A nonprobability voluntary sample of 913 male and female students from Kuwait University completed an electronic survey reporting their beliefs about the causes of DV against women. We used independent-samples\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                    -tests, correlations, and one-way ANOVA to compare dependent and independent variables across groups. We found that participants think about the causes of DV in terms of individual and relationship factors, not as a problem rooted in society or culture. Over half of the participants believe that some women\u2019s actions justify their abuse, and gender, cultural background, religion, and history of DV significantly correlate with respondents\u2019 perceptions. Strengthening law enforcement, promoting public awareness, designing culturally sensitive and reflective intervention and prevention programs, and educational programs on gender equality can help combat DV against women and support survivors in their journey to recovery.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605261467688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:26:25Z","timestamp":1785421585000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Causes of Domestic Violence Against Women Through the Lenses of Young Kuwaiti Adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4915-365X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Malak","family":"Al-Rasheed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology and Social Work, College of Social Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abramsky T. Watts C. H. Garcia-Moreno C. Devries K. Kiss L. Ellsberg M. Jansen H. A. Heise L. (2011). What factors are associated with recent intimate partner violence? Findings from the WHO multi-country study on women\u2019s health and domestic violence. BMC Public Health 11 Article 109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2458-11-109","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-109"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/157302510X497312"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Almeida I. Ramalho A. Morgado R. Ba\u00fato R. V. (2023). Gendered perspectives on intimate partner violence: A comparative study of general population students and professionals\u2019 beliefs. Social Sciences 12(9) Article 528. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/socsci12090528","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci12090528"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","article-title":"New wave of Freshmen joining the KU student body","volume":"1","author":"Alqabas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alqabas. (2023, September 25). New wave of Freshmen joining the KU student body. Alqabas, 1, (Kuwait).","journal-title":"Alqabas"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","unstructured":"Al-Rasheed M. (2023). Domestic violence against women in Kuwait: Prevalence rates demographic risk factors and types of survivor responses. Annals of Arts and Social Sciences 43(618) 1\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34120\/aass.v43i618.1397"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alsaleh A. (2020). Violence against Kuwaiti women. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 37(5\u20136) 3628\u20133649. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260520916280","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260520916280"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amir-ud-Din R. Fatima S. Aziz S. (2021). Is attitudinal acceptance of violence a risk factor? An analysis of domestic violence against women in Pakistan. 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Caracter\u00edsticas de salud mental de los hombres que maltratan a su pareja [Mental health characteristics of men who abuse their intimate partners]. Revista Espanola de Sanidad Penitenciaria 10(2) 49\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4321\/S1575-06202008000200004","DOI":"10.4321\/S1575-06202008000200004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","unstructured":"Central Statistical Bureau. (2021). Portal statistics 2021. https:\/\/e.gov.kw\/sites\/kgoenglish\/Pages\/InfoPages\/Statistics\/Statistics2021.aspx"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Childress S. Shrestha N. Kenensarieva K. Urbaeva J. Schrag R. V. (2024). The role of culture in the justification and perpetuation of domestic violence: The perspectives of service providers in Kyrgyzstan. Violence Against Women 30(5) 1198\u20131225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10778012231186814","DOI":"10.1177\/10778012231186814"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coll C. Ewerling F. 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