{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:42:39Z","timestamp":1792676559578,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Interpers Violence"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intimate partner violence (IPV) among LGBTQ+ individuals differs from experiences of cisgender heterosexual individuals. LGBTQ+ individuals report higher rates of IPV and face unique dynamics related to their minority gender and sexual identities, such as identity-related abuse. Guided by the Minority Stress Theory, this study is based on the premise that stigma associated with sexual and gender minority identities contributes to an increased risk of IPV as well as poorer mental health outcomes. Using a convergent mixed-methods design, this study explored the experiences of IPV and related impact on mental health outcomes, namely symptoms of depression and suicide risk, in LGBTQ+ individuals residing in Spain. A total of 375 LGBTQ+ individuals completed quantitative surveys. After completing the survey, participants were given the option of participating in a follow-up interview. A total of 17 individuals participated in qualitative interviews. Quantitative analyses encompassed chi-square testing, ANOVA, and regression analysis. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Integration of results was drawn through narratives and joint display. Findings provide insight into the dynamics of IPV including identity-related abuse among LGBTQ+ individuals and highlight the complexity of their victimization experiences. Findings indicate that IPV victimization increases symptoms of depression and suicide in the sample, with qualitative data emphasizing the severity of these mental health outcomes. Additionally, qualitative themes reflect the complexities on IPV experiences among LGBTQ+ individuals and how these experiences impacted their mental health. These findings have important implications for developing preventive measures and intervention strategies tailored for LGBTQ+ individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605261480138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T03:59:59Z","timestamp":1792468799000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Face-to-Face and Cyber Intimate Partner Violence and Mental Health Outcomes Among LGBTQ+ Adults From Spain: A Mixed-Methods Approach"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2736-9046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ines","family":"Cano-Gonzalez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, USA"},{"name":"The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maricela","family":"Galdamez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rom\u00e1n","family":"Ronzon-Tirado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Luisa","family":"Mondolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Distance Education University (UNED), Pontevedra, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brianna","family":"Byllesby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Dakota, Vermillion, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruby","family":"Charak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, USA"},{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrientos J. Escart\u00edn J. Longares L. Rodr\u00edguez-Carballeira \u00c1. (2018). Sociodemographic characteristics of gay and lesbian victims of intimate partner psychological abuse in Spain and Latin America. International Journal of Social Psychology 33(2) 240\u2013274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02134748.2018.1446393","DOI":"10.1080\/02134748.2018.1446393"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bourne A. Amos N. Donovan C. Carman M. Parsons M. Lusby S. Lyons A. Hill A. O. (2023). Naming and recognition of intimate partner violence and family of origin violence among LGBTQ communities in Australia. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 38(5\u20136) 4589\u20134615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08862605221119722","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605221119722"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brooks D. Wirtz A. Celentano D. Beyrer C. Arrington-Sanders R. Hailey-Fair K. (2021). Gaps in science and evidence-based interventions to respond to Intimate Partner Violence among Black gay and bisexual men in the U.S.: A Call for An Intersectional Social Justice Approach. Sexuality & Culture 25(1) 306\u2013317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12119-020-09769-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s12119-020-09769-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","volume-title":"Minority stress and lesbian women","author":"Brooks V. R.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Brooks V. R. (1981). Minority stress and lesbian women. Lexington Books."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2026). About intimate partner violence. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/intimate-partner-violence\/about\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cano-Gonzalez I. Charak R. Gilbar O. Vi\u00f1as-Racionero R. Strait M. K. (2022). Witnessing parental violence and cyber IPV perpetration in Hispanic emerging adults: The mediating role of attitudes toward IPV. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 37(9\u201310). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260520975834","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260520975834"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Charak R. Villarreal L. Schmitz R. M. Hirai M. Ford J. D. (2019). Patterns of childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence emotion dysregulation and mental health symptoms among lesbian gay and bisexual emerging adults: A three-step latent class approach. Child Abuse & Neglect 89 99\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.01.007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen J. Walters M. L. Gilbert L. K. Patel N. (2020). Sexual violence stalking and intimate partner violence by sexual orientation United States. Psychology of Violence 10(1) 110\u2013119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/vio0000252","DOI":"10.1037\/vio0000252"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corey J. Duggan M. Travers A. (2023). Risk and protective factors for intimate partner violence against bisexual victims: A systematic scoping review. Trauma Violence Abuse 24(4) 2130\u20132142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380221084749","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380221084749"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","volume-title":"Designing and conducting mixed methods research","author":"Creswell J. W.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Creswell J. W., Clark V. L. P. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Sage Publications."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dyar C. Messinger A. M. Newcomb M. E. Byck G. R. Dunlap P. Whitton S. W. (2021). Development and initial validation of three culturally sensitive measures of intimate partner violence for sexual and gender minority populations. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 36(15\u201316) NP8824\u2013NP8851. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260519846856","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260519846856"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-36204-0_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","unstructured":"FELGBTBI+. (2025). Estado del odio: Estado LGTBI+ 2025 [State of Hate: LGBTI+ Status 2025]. https:\/\/felgtbi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Estado-LGTBI-Estado-odio-2025.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fetters M. (2020). The mixed methods research workbook (Vols. 1-0). SAGE Publications Inc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4135\/9781071909713","DOI":"10.4135\/9781071909713"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u00f3mez-Romero M. J. Tom\u00e1s-S\u00e1bado J. Montes-Hidalgo J. Brando-Garrido C. Limonero J. T. (2021). The suicidal behaviors questionnaire-revised. Spanish form. Death Studies 45(8) 623\u2013629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07481187.2019.1671544","DOI":"10.1080\/07481187.2019.1671544"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gram L. Blevins J. Miedema S. Hoang A. T. Yount K. M. (2024). Intimate partner violence in lesbian gay bisexual transgender queer and intersex relationships: A call for research-to-action partnerships in higher education settings. BMC Global and Public Health 2(1) 53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s44263-024-00085-y","DOI":"10.1186\/s44263-024-00085-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guadalupe-Diaz X. L. Anthony A. K. (2017). Discrediting identity work: Understandings of intimate partner violence by transgender survivors. Deviant Behavior 38(1) 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01639625.2016.1189757","DOI":"10.1080\/01639625.2016.1189757"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hong C. Wang Y. Wang Y. Pushpanadh S. Stephenson R. Keum B. T. Goldbach J. T. Graham S. M. Holloway I. W. (2025). The associations between intimate partner violence and mental health outcomes among sexual minority men: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Trauma Violence & Abuse 26(1) 58\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15248380241275976","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380241275976"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hsieh H. F. Shannon S. E. (2005). Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative Health Research 15(9) 1277\u20131288. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1049732305276687","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732305276687"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","volume-title":"IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows","author":"IBM Corp","year":"2021","unstructured":"IBM Corp. (2021). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows (Version 28.0) [Computer software]. IBM Corp."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","unstructured":"ILGA Europe. (2023). Annual review of the human rights situation of lesbian gay bisexual trans and intersex people in Europe and Central Asia. Rainbow-Europe. https:\/\/rainbow-europe.org\/sites\/default\/files\/annual-report\/Annual-Review-Full-2023.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iverson K. M. Danitz S. B. Driscoll M. Vogt D. Hamilton A. B. Gerber M. R. Wiltsey Stirman S. Shayani D. R. Suvak M. K. Dichter M. E. (2022). Recovering from intimate partner violence through Strengths and Empowerment (RISE): Development pilot testing and refinement of a patient-centered brief counseling intervention for women. Psychological Services 19(2) 102\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/ser0000544","DOI":"10.1037\/ser0000544"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kittiteerasack P. Matthews A. K. Steffen A. Corte C. McCreary L. L. Bostwick W. Park C. Johnson T. P. (2021). The influence of minority stress on indicators of suicidality among lesbian gay bisexual and transgender adults in Thailand. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 28(4) 656\u2013669. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jpm.12713","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12713"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langarita J. A. Grau J. M. Albert\u00edn P. (2021). Local government policies on sexual and gender diversity in Spain. Experiences from Alt Empord\u00e0. Local Government Studies 49(3) 451\u2013470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03003930.2021.1932480","DOI":"10.1080\/03003930.2021.1932480"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Langenderfer-Magruder L. Walls N. E. Whitfield D. L. Brown S. M. Barrett C. M. (2016). Partner violence victimization among lesbian gay bisexual transgender and queer youth: Associations among risk factors. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal 33 55\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10560-015-0402-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s10560-015-0402-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meyer I. H. (2003). Prejudice social stress and mental health in lesbian gay and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin 129(5) 674\u2013697. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.129.5.674","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.129.5.674"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mondolfi M. L. Charak R. Cano-Gonz\u00e1lez I. Ronz\u00f3n-Tirado R. (2024). \u201cStill a long way to go\u201d: Discrimination beyond the laws and policies as voiced by LGBTQ+ people in Spain. Sexuality Research & Social Policy 22 34\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13178-024-01005-3","DOI":"10.1007\/s13178-024-01005-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mondolfi M. L. Charak R. Cano-Gonz\u00e1lez I. Ronz\u00f3n-Tirado R. (2026). Cisheterosexism minority stress and mental health challenges among LGBTQ+ adults in Spain. Sexual and Gender Diversity in Social Services 26 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/29933021.2026.2643233","DOI":"10.1080\/29933021.2026.2643233"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz-Navarro R. Cano-Vindel A. Medrano L. A. Schmitz F. Ruiz-Rodr\u00edguez P. Abell\u00e1n-Maeso C. Font-Payeras M.A. Hermosilla-Pasamar A. M. (2017). Utility of the PHQ-9 to identify major depressive disorder in adult patients in Spanish primary care centers. BMC Psychiatry 17 1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12888-017-1450-8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-017-1450-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","volume-title":"Informe sobre la evoluci\u00f3n de los delitos de odio en Espa\u00f1a 2021","author":"Oficina Nacional de Lucha Contra los Delitos de Odio","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oficina Nacional de Lucha Contra los Delitos de Odio. (2021). Informe sobre la evoluci\u00f3n de los delitos de odio en Espa\u00f1a 2021 [Report on the evolution of hate crimes in Spain 2021]. Ministerio de Interior de Espa\u00f1a."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Osman A. Bagge C. L. Gutierrez P. M. Konick L. C Kopper B. A. Barrios F. (2001). The Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R): Validation with clinical and nonclinical samples. Assessment 8(4) 443\u2013454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/107319110100800409","DOI":"10.1177\/107319110100800409"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peitzmeier S. M. Malik M. Kattari S. K. Marrow E. Stephenson R. Ag\u00e9nor M. Reisner S. L. (2020). Intimate partner violence in transgender populations: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and correlates. American Journal of Public Health 110(9) e1\u2013e14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2105\/AJPH.2020.305774","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2020.305774"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pl\u00f6derl M. Tremblay P. (2015). Mental health of sexual minorities: A systematic review. Review of Psychiatry 27(5) 367\u2013385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/09540261.2015.1083949","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2015.1083949"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rogers M. (2019). Challenging cisgenderism through trans people\u2019s narratives of domestic violence and abuse. Sexualities 22(5\u20136) 803\u2013820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1363460716681475","DOI":"10.1177\/1363460716681475"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ronz\u00f3n-Tirado R. Charak R. Cano-Gonz\u00e1lez I. (2023). Daily heterosexist experiences in LGBTQ+ adults from Spain: Measurement prevalence and experiences of discrimination in minority gender and sexual identities. Psychosocial Intervention 32(1) 1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5093\/pi2022a15","DOI":"10.5093\/pi2022a15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ronz\u00f3n-Tirado R. Charak R. Cano-Gonzalez I. Karsberg S. Schnarrs P. W. (2022). Latent classes of bidirectional face-to-face and cyber intimate partner violence among lesbian gay and bisexual emerging adults: The role of minority stressors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 37(21\u201322). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08862605211055158","DOI":"10.1177\/08862605211055158"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scheer J. R. Woulfe J. M. Goodman L. A. (2019). Psychometric validation of the identity abuse scale among LGBTQ individuals. Journal of Community Psychology 47(2) 371\u2013384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcop.22126","DOI":"10.1002\/jcop.22126"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_1","unstructured":"Spanish Head of State. (2005). Ley 13\/2005 de 1 de julio por la que se modifica el C\u00f3digo Civil en materia de derecho a contraer matrimonio [Law 13\/2005 of July 1 which modifies the Civil Code regarding the right to marry]. https:\/\/www.boe.es\/eli\/es\/l\/2005\/07\/01\/13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_1","unstructured":"Spanish Head of State. (2007). Ley 3\/2027 de 15 de marzo reguladora de la rectificaci\u00f3n registral de la menci\u00f3n relativa al sexo de las personas [Law 3\/2007 of March 15 regulating the registry rectification of the mention relating to the sex of people]. https:\/\/www.boe.es\/eli\/es\/l\/2007\/03\/15\/3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spitzer R.L. Kroenke K. Williams J.B. (1999). Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: The PHQ primary care study. Journal of the American Medical Association 282 1737\u20131744. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Straus M. A. (2008). Dominance and symmetry in partner violence by male and female university students in 32 nations. Children and Youth Services Review 30(3) 252\u2013275. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.childyouth.2007.10.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2007.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stults C. B. Gao S. Brandt S. A. Taber J. L. Lynn S. G. Kaczetow W. Lee G. Cruise A. Krause K. D. (2025). Intimate partner violence and mental health among transgender and gender diverse young adults. Journal of Family Violence 40 165\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10896-023-00579-7","DOI":"10.1007\/s10896-023-00579-7"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_3_44_1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tillewein H. Shokeen N. Powers P. Rijo S\u00e1nchez A. J. Sandles-Palmer S. Desjarlais K. (2023). Silencing the rainbow: Prevalence of LGBTQ+ students who do not report sexual violence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20032020"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_3_44_1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(3) 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph20032020","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20032020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valentine S. E. Shipherd J. C. (2018). A systematic review of social stress and mental health among transgender and gender non-conforming people in the United States. Clinical Psychology Review 66 24\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.03.003","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2018.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_1","unstructured":"VERBI Software. (2026). MAXQDA (Version 26) [Computer software]. https:\/\/www.maxqda.com"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_1","volume-title":"The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS): 2010 findings on victimization by sexual orientation","author":"Walters M. L.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Walters M. L., Chen J., Breiding M. J. (2013). The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS): 2010 findings on victimization by sexual orientation. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watkins L. E. Maldonado R. C. DiLillo D. (2018). The Cyber Aggression in Relationships Scale: A new multidimensional measure of technology-based intimate partner aggression. Assessment 25(5) 608\u2013626. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073191116665696","DOI":"10.1177\/1073191116665696"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weston C. Gandell T. Beauchamp J. McAlpine L. Wiseman C. Beauchamp C. (2001). Analyzing interview data: The development and evolution of a coding system. Qualitative Sociology 24 381\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1010690908200","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010690908200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whitfield D. L. Coulter R. W. Langenderfer-Magruder L. Jacobson D. (2021). Experiences of intimate partner violence among lesbian gay bisexual and transgender college students: The intersection of gender race and sexual orientation. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 36(11\u201312) NP6040\u2013NP6064. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0886260518812071","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260518812071"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Woulfe J. M. Goodman L. A. (2018). Identity abuse as a tactic of violence in LGBTQ communities: Initial validation of the identity abuse measure. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 36(5\u20136) 2656\u20132676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/088626051876001","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260518760018"}],"container-title":["Journal of Interpersonal Violence"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605261480138","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08862605261480138","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08862605261480138","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T13:19:20Z","timestamp":1792675160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08862605261480138"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08862605261480138"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08862605261480138","relation":{},"ISSN":["0886-2605","1552-6518"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0886-2605","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6518","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"article-number":"08862605261480138"}}