{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T19:34:25Z","timestamp":1790278465062,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurorehabil Neural Repair"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Context. Neuropathic pain (NP) from peripheral neuropathy (PN) arises from ectopic firing of unmyelinated C-fibers with accumulation of sodium and calcium channels. Because pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) safely induce extremely low frequency (ELF) quasirectangular currents that can depolarize, repolarize, and hyperpolarize neurons, it was hypothesized that directing this energy into the sole of one foot could potentially modulate neuropathic pain. Objective. To determine if 9 consecutive 1-h treatments in physician\u2019s office (excluding weekends) of a pulsed signal therapy can reduce NP scores in refractory feet with PN. Design\/setting\/patients. 24 consecutive patients with refractory and symptomatic PN from diabetes, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), pernicious anemia, mercury poisoning, paraneoplastic syndrome, tarsal tunnel, and idiopathic sensory neuropathy were enrolled in this nonplacebo pilot study. The most symptomatic foot received therapy. Primary endpoints were comparison of VAS scores at the end of 9 days and the end of 30 days follow-up compared to baseline pain scores. Additionally, Patients\u2019 Global Impression of Change (PGIC) questionnaire was tabulated describing response to treatment. Subgroup analysis of nerve conduction scores, quantified sensory testing (QST), and serial examination changes were also tabulated. Subgroup classification of pain (Serlin) was utilized to determine if there were disproportionate responses. Intervention. Noninvasive pulsed signal therapy generates a unidirectional quasirectangular waveform with strength about 20 gauss and a frequency about 30 Hz into the soles of the feet for 9 consecutive 1-h treatments (excluding weekends). The most symptomatic foot of each patient was treated. Results. All 24 feet completed 9 days of treatment. 15\/24 completed follow-up (62%) with mean pain scores decreasing 21% from baseline to end of treatment (P = 0.19) but with 49% reduction of pain scores from baseline to end of follow-up (P &lt; 0.01). Of this group, self-reported PGIC was improved 67% (n = 10) and no change was 33% (n = 5). An intent-to-treat analysis based on all 24 feet demonstrated a 19% reduction in pain scores from baseline to end of treatment (P = 0.10) and a 37% decrease from baseline to end of follow-up ( P &lt; 0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed 5 patients with mild pain with nonsignificant reduction at end of follow-up. Of the 19 feet with moderate to severe pain, there was a 28% reduction from baseline to end of treatment (P &lt; 0.05) and a 39% decrease from baseline to end of follow-up (P &lt; 0.01). Benefit was better in those patients with axonal changes and advanced CPT baseline scores. The clinical examination did not change. There were no adverse events or safety issues. Conclusions. These pilot data demonstrate that directing PEMF to refractory feet can provide unexpected shortterm analgesic effects in more than 50% of individuals. The role of placebo is not known and was not tested. The precise mechanism is unclear yet suggests that severe and advanced cases are more magnetically sensitive. Future studies are needed with randomized placebo-controlled design and longer treatment periods.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0888439003261024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,21]],"date-time":"2004-04-21T19:33:37Z","timestamp":1082576017000},"page":"42-46","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Pulsed Magnetic Field Therapy in Refractory Neuropathic Pain Secondary to Peripheral Neuropathy: Electrodiagnostic Parameters\u2014Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Michael I.","family":"Weintraub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Medical College, Briarcliff Manor"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven P.","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Designs, Inc., Yorktown Heights, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.21.1863"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2. Baron R. Peripheral neuropathic pain. from mechanisms to symptoms. Clin J Pain 2000; 16: S16-S20.","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-200006001-00004"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. Waxman SG. The molecular pathophysiology of pain: abnormal expression of sodium channel genes and its contribution to hyperexcitability of primary sensory neurons. Pain 1999;Suppl 6: S133-S140.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00147-5"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(99)01372-3"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bem.2250160412"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.950060110"},{"key":"atypb7","unstructured":"7. Bassett CAL. Fundamental and practical aspects of therapeutic uses of pulsed electro-magnetic fields (PEMFs). Crit Rev Biomed Eng 1989; 17: 451-529."},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15368378409035957"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02446217"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880131012"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(93)91247-P"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)90575-1"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00349-9"},{"key":"atypb14","unstructured":"14. Weintraub MI, Cole SP. Pulsed magnetic field therapy in refractory carpal tunnel syndrome: electrodiagnostic parameters\u2014pilot study. (Under review, Clinical Neurophysiology)"},{"key":"atypb15","unstructured":"15. Markoll R. Pulsed signal therapy for the treatment of osteoarthritis: double-blind and randomized study results in 50,000 patients. Ann Rheum Dis 2000; 59(Suppl 1): 131."},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"16. Trock DH. Electromagnetic fields and magnets. Rheumatol Rheumatic Dis Clin NA 2000; 26: 51-62.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(05)70119-8"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1974.tb26823.x"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-186X(200005)21:4<272::AID-BEM4>3.0.CO;2-5"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"19. Ito H, Bassett CAL. Effect of weak, pulsing electromagnetic fields on neural regeneration in the rat. Clin Orthoped Related Res 1983; 181: 283-290.","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198312000-00044"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.252631899"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(84)90013-7"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/103.4.835"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(03)00106-0"},{"key":"atypb24","unstructured":"24. Asbury AK, Thomas PK, eds. Peripheral nerve disorders 2. Oxford, UK: Butterworth Heinemann; 1995."},{"key":"atypb25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"25. Segal NA, Toda Y, Huston J, et al. Two configurations of static magnetic fields for treating rheumatoid arthritis of the knee: a double-blind clinical trial. Arch Phys Med Rehab 2001; 82: 1452-1460.","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.24309"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.6.1842"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.21.1831"},{"key":"atypb28","unstructured":"28. Wall PI, Melzack R. Textbook of pain, 4th ed. 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