{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T21:06:40Z","timestamp":1784149600355,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758844800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The current HIV-1 epidemic in China is characterized by the co-circulation of multiple subtypes and recombinant forms. A novel circulating recombinant form of HIV-1 (CRF176_BC) has been identified in Yunnan Province, China. Near-full-length genome sequences were obtained from four individuals who identified as heterosexual and were epidemiologically unlinked. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these sequences formed a distinct monophyletic cluster from known subtypes and CRFs. Bootscanning analyses revealed a subtype C backbone with two subtype B insertions. Bayesian evolutionary dating estimated that the four genomes shared a common ancestor between 2014 and 2016, which was not far from the present. Unlike earlier CRF_BCs, which were associated with injecting drug use in the 1990s, the emergence of CRF176_BC indicates a shift toward sexual transmission. This finding emphasizes the continuous evolution of HIV-1 in Yunnan, driven by co-circulating lineages and evolving transmission dynamics. It also highlights the importance of targeted surveillance in informing public health strategies in the context of evolving epidemics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08892229251382841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T00:46:21Z","timestamp":1758933981000},"page":"33-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Identification of an Emerging HIV-1B\/C Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF176_BC) in Heterosexual Populations in Yunnan Province, China"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9699-7524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety &amp; Health Laboratory Center, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China."},{"name":"School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanling","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety &amp; Institute for AIDS\/STD Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huichao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety &amp; Institute for AIDS\/STD Control and Prevention, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manhong","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenfei","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2025.106477"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2024.106345"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/455609a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19279"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2021.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181c7d6ff"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-94290-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2024.106383"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46234\/ccdcw2023.202"}],"container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08892229251382841","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08892229251382841","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08892229251382841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:13:28Z","timestamp":1777367608000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08892229251382841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08892229251382841"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08892229251382841","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-2229","1931-8405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-2229","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]]}}}