{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T05:01:48Z","timestamp":1791003708433,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["UM1AI164570"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1AI164570"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R21-MH132406"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21-MH132406"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Analytical treatment interruption (ATI) is a planned and monitored pause of ART used in HIV-related studies that enables measurement of viral rebound kinetics and immune responses, yet it may pose psychological risks to participants. Evidence has largely come from predominantly male cohorts in high-income settings; far less is known about how women living with HIV (WLHIV) in Southern Africa experience ATIs. We conducted a longitudinal sociobehavioral study nested within an ATI-inclusive Phase 2A clinical trial occurring in Durban, South Africa (NCT05281510). Twenty WLHIV who initiated ART during acute HIV and who were enrolled in an ATI clinical trial agreed to participate in this sociobehavioral research study. Participants completed validated psychological assessments at baseline (T1), pre-ATI (T2), post-ATI (T3), and end of clinical trial (T4). Outcomes included decisional certainty, self-esteem, resilience, anxiety, and depression; analyses were descriptive and stratified by time to ART restart: early restart (ER; &lt;16 weeks,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 6), delayed restart (DR; 16\u201344 weeks,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 7), and long-term delayed restart (LTDR; &gt;44 weeks,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 6). Median decisional certainty increased from T1 4.70 (IQR 0.80) to T4 5.00 (0.00). Self-esteem remained high (T1 24.5; T4 26.0), with the largest gains in the DR group. Resilience was stable (median 4.75\u20134.50), rising modestly among participants in the LTDR group. Anxiety peaked pre-ATI (T2 33.3 [11.5]) then declined, except in the LTDR group, and anxiety and depression remained high (T4 anxiety 31.0; depression 8.0). ATI was well-tolerated across measures, anxiety spiked only pre-ATI and subsided, except in the LTDR group, where prolonged ATI kept both anxiety and depression elevated. These findings support the inclusion of South African WLHIV in ATI-inclusive clinical trials and highlight the need for psychosocial support for clinical trial participants.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08892229251405807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T07:37:51Z","timestamp":1766734671000},"page":"109-116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Psychological Impact of Analytical Treatment Interruption on Young Women Enrolled in an HIV Cure-Related Clinical Trial in Durban, South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krista L.","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ragon Institute of Mass General Brigham, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"MGH, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mzwakhe Wiseman","family":"Ngcobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integration of TB in Education and Care for HIV\/AIDS (ITEACH), Pietermaritzburg, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ntombifuthi","family":"Langa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integration of TB in Education and Care for HIV\/AIDS (ITEACH), Pietermaritzburg, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayanda","family":"Zulu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integration of TB in Education and Care for HIV\/AIDS (ITEACH), Pietermaritzburg, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luyanda","family":"Maphalala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Females Rising through Education, Support and Health (FRESH), Durban, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Pillay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Females Rising through Education, Support and Health (FRESH), Durban, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maud","family":"Mthembu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied Human Sciences, Department of Social Work, University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Durban, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Whitney","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamila K.","family":"Stockman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thumbi","family":"Ndung\u2019u","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ragon Institute of Mass General Brigham, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"HIV Pathogenesis Programme (HPP), The Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, UKZN, Durban, South Africa."},{"name":"Africa Health Research Institute (AHRI), Durban, South Africa."},{"name":"Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3458-1539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karine","family":"Dub\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25787489.2023.2267825"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25787489.2024.2312318"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/coh.0000000000000973"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25787489.2025.2455917"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2024.0086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2024.117644"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2024.0254"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jve.2022.100072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-021-03504-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25787489.2023.2243046"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2022.0040"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","unstructured":"Sciences G. NCT05281510: Study of VRC07-523LS CAP256V2LS and Vesatolimod in early antiretroviral-treated HIV-1 Clade C-infected women. ClinicalTrials.gov; 2022. Available from: https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/study\/NCT05281510 [Last accessed: April9 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aau2798"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2024.101037"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-83037-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989x9501500105"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t01038-000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8260.1992.tb00997.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25260"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08892229251375470"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jve.2023.100360"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-024-04485-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2352-3018(17)30146-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/coh.0000000000000955"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25787489.2022.2054613"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12020231"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2019.0118"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-022-13528-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1344"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2021.0023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-021-00569-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1473-3099(23)00267-0"}],"container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08892229251405807","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08892229251405807","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08892229251405807","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:13:30Z","timestamp":1777367610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08892229251405807"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08892229251405807"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08892229251405807","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-2229","1931-8405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-2229","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]}}}