{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T12:35:40Z","timestamp":1789648540332,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,27]],"date-time":"2017-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007316","name":"Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CA134705"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA134705"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007316","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Health Promot"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate an intervention promoting adoption of occupational sun protection policies by employers in a randomized trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A randomized pretest\u2013posttest controlled design with 2-year follow-up was conducted in 2010 to 2013.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Local government organizations in Colorado who had outdoor workers in public works, public safety, and\/or parks and recreation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety-eight local government organizations (n = 51 municipalities, 10 counties, and 37 special districts).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Organizations were randomly assigned to receive a policy and education intervention comprised of personal contacts and theory-based training and materials or to an attention control group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Occupational policy documents were coded for sun safety content by a trained research assistant blind to condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Analysis:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Policy scores were analyzed with logistic and Poisson regression models using imputation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At posttest, more organizations in the intervention group had a sun protection policy than in the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 4.91, P &lt; .05; intent to treat: OR = 5.95, P &lt; .05) and policies were more extensive (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 31.29, P &lt; .01; intent to treat: \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =73.79, P &lt; .01) and stronger (\u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 24.50, P &lt; .01; intent to treat: \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 51.95, P &lt; .01). Policy adoption was higher when the number of contacts and trainings increased ( P &lt; .05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The intervention had a large effect on adoption of formal sun protection policies, perhaps because of its fit with legal requirements to maintain safe workplaces. Personal contacts with managers were influential on adoption of occupational policy even in this age of communication technology and social media.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0890117117704531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,27]],"date-time":"2017-04-27T05:16:59Z","timestamp":1493270219000},"page":"1042-1053","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Results of a Randomized Trial on an Intervention Promoting Adoption of Occupational Sun Protection Policies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"David B.","family":"Buller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Klein Buendel, Inc, Golden, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara J.","family":"Walkosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klein Buendel, Inc, Golden, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary Klein","family":"Buller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klein Buendel, Inc, Golden, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan","family":"Wallis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Affairs, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Communication, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Arts and Sciences, California State University, Chico, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Eye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klein Buendel, Inc, Golden, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klein Buendel, Inc, Golden, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Cutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1524839914558515"},{"key":"bibr2-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd9.120092"},{"key":"bibr3-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchas.2014.01.003"},{"key":"bibr4-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e31822005d0"},{"key":"bibr5-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2005.03.001"},{"key":"bibr6-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019819602300202"},{"key":"bibr7-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000000531"},{"key":"bibr8-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.86.6.804"},{"key":"bibr9-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e31802ec6a3"},{"key":"bibr10-0890117117704531","unstructured":"Ultraviolet Radiation and Intersun Programme. Skin cancers. 2016. http:\/\/www.who.int\/uv\/faq\/skincancer\/en\/index1.html. Accessed May 11, 2016."},{"key":"bibr11-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22079"},{"key":"bibr12-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.20212"},{"key":"bibr13-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1981.288"},{"issue":"4","key":"bibr14-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0b013e328361926c","volume":"23","author":"Bristow BN","year":"2013","journal-title":"Melanoma Res"},{"key":"bibr15-0890117117704531","volume-title":"Cancer Facts and Figures\u20142016","author":"American Cancer Society","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr16-0890117117704531","volume-title":"The Surgeon General\u2019s call to action to prevent skin cancer","author":"Office of the Surgeon General","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr17-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nclimate1827"},{"key":"bibr18-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-199801000-00009"},{"key":"bibr19-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2005.01.004"},{"key":"bibr20-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000000544"},{"key":"bibr21-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000000244"},{"key":"bibr22-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-10"},{"key":"bibr23-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-6-22"},{"key":"bibr24-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198105276211"},{"key":"bibr25-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2008.553"},{"key":"bibr26-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12160"},{"key":"bibr27-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.32.2.9"},{"key":"bibr28-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/HE08097"},{"key":"bibr29-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/15.4.333"},{"key":"bibr30-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0000000000000026"},{"key":"bibr31-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.0575"},{"key":"bibr32-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-1561.2012.00729.x"},{"key":"bibr33-0890117117704531","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Skin cancer. 2016. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/cancer\/skin. Accessed January 16, 2017."},{"key":"bibr34-0890117117704531","unstructured":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Sun exposure. 2016. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/topics\/sunexposure\/. Accessed January 16, 2017."},{"key":"bibr35-0890117117704531","volume-title":"Diffusion of Innovations","author":"Rogers EM","year":"2003","edition":"5"},{"key":"bibr36-0890117117704531","first-page":"257","volume-title":"Interpersonal Processes: New Directions in Communication Research","volume":"14","author":"Taylor DA","year":"1987"},{"key":"bibr37-0890117117704531","volume-title":"Interpersonal Communication: A Question of Needs","author":"Scott MD","year":"1978"},{"key":"bibr38-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3069412"},{"key":"bibr39-0890117117704531","volume-title":"Uncertainty Reduction: Managing Uncertainty in Organizational Communication","author":"Kramer MW","year":"2004"},{"key":"bibr40-0890117117704531","volume-title":"Influence: Science and Practice","author":"Cialdini RB","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr41-0890117117704531","volume-title":"The American Mosaic: The Impact of Space, Time, and Culture on American Politics","author":"Elazar DJ","year":"1994"},{"key":"bibr42-0890117117704531","volume-title":"Colorado Politics & Government: Governing the Centennial State","author":"Cronin TE","year":"1993"},{"key":"bibr43-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198111420287"},{"key":"bibr44-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2011.04.019"},{"key":"bibr45-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4278\/ajhp.110113-QUAN-22"},{"key":"bibr46-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0781.1996.tb00189.x"},{"key":"bibr47-0890117117704531","volume-title":"Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory","author":"Bandura A","year":"1986"},{"key":"bibr48-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-12.1.38"},{"key":"bibr49-0890117117704531","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15213269.2013.838904"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Health Promotion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0890117117704531","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0890117117704531","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0890117117704531","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:01:19Z","timestamp":1777366879000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0890117117704531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,27]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0890117117704531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0890117117704531","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-1171","2168-6602"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-1171","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-6602","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,27]]}}}