{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T18:05:44Z","timestamp":1781805944190,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714089600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Operation Food Search"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Health Promot"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Food insecurity has far-reaching consequences for health and well-being, especially during pregnancy and postpartum periods. This study examines a food-is-medicine approach that aimed to reduce food insecurity, maternal stress, depression, anxiety, preterm labor, and low birthweight.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pre-post interventional study of FreshRx: Nourishing Healthy Starts, a pregnancy focused food-is-medicine program led by a local hunger relief organization and obstetrics department.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>St. Louis, Missouri, a Midwestern U.S. city with higher-than-average infant mortality, low birthweight, and preterm birth rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sample<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants (N = 125) recruited from a local obstetrics clinic had pregnancies earlier than 24\u00a0weeks gestation; spoke English; and were enrolled in Medicaid. At baseline, 67.0% reported very low food security and none reported high food security, while 34.7% indicated depressive symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FreshRx included weekly deliveries of fresh food meal kits, nutrition counseling and education, care coordination, and supportive services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>18-Question U.S. Household Food Security Survey, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, birthweight, gestational age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single arm pre-post analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Average gestational age of 38.2\u00a0weeks (n = 84) and birthweight of 6.7 pounds (n = 81) were higher than rates for the general population in the area. For study participants who completed a sixty-day post-partum assessment, 13% (n = 45) indicated maternal depression ( P &lt; .01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Food-is-medicine interventions may be an efficient, effective, and equitable tool for improving birth and maternal health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08901171241249278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]],"date-time":"2024-04-26T20:08:41Z","timestamp":1714162121000},"page":"114-121","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Improving Maternal Health and Birth Outcomes Through FreshRx: A Food-Is-Medicine Intervention"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2109-4483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Ferris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Roll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College for Public Health and Social Work, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Mathews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women\u2019s Health, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trina","family":"Ragain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Operation Food Search, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Operation Food Search, Saint Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Jabbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kourtney","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1878-423X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tyler","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08901171241249278","volume-title":"USDA ERS - 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