{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:27:38Z","timestamp":1793244458329,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Health Promot"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n Screening for chronic conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol during a voluntary wellness program visit.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Observational study based on secondary data collected between 2000 and 2017.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Setting and sample<\/jats:title>\n Data included 4876 visits from 2309 unique participants, all employees of an academic institution in United States.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Measures<\/jats:title>\n We leverage clinical guidelines to define criteria for classifying a patient as susceptible, or not, to a chronic disease.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Analysis<\/jats:title>\n We perform descriptive statistics and logistic regression to quantify the association between patient characteristics and their susceptibility to chronic conditions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The prevalence of susceptibility for diabetes is 17.03% (18.29%) for one-time (frequent) participants, for high blood pressure is 44.76% (48.27%), and for high cholesterol is 8.97% (7.33%). The risks of diabetes and high blood pressure increase with age, and all three risks increase with BMI. Being female is associated with a lower risk of diabetes and high blood pressure. Race is generally not associated with a higher risk of chronic conditions, except for high blood pressure. We also find that each of the three risks is positively and strongly associated with the other two.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Our study provides evidence that wellness program checks can serve as viable screening opportunities for alerting participants when their health exhibits concerning signs associated with chronic diseases.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08901171251371456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T09:26:41Z","timestamp":1756114001000},"page":"168-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Screening for Chronic Conditions During Wellness Programs? A Case Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9687-5239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. Gabriela","family":"Sava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bowling Green State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bogdan C.","family":"Bichescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","volume-title":"Review of the U.S. Workplace Wellness Market","author":"Matke S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Matke S, Schnyer C, Van Busum KR. Review of the U.S. Workplace Wellness Market. Washington DC: The RAND Corporation; 2012."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2015.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2017.2883"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","article-title":"What\u2019s the hard return on employee wellness programs?","author":"Berry LL","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berry LL, Mirabito AM, Baun WB. What\u2019s the hard return on employee wellness programs? Harv Bus Rev. 2010. [cited 2024 June 25]. Available from: https:\/\/hbr.org\/2010\/12\/whats-the-hard-return-on-employee-wellness-programs","journal-title":"Harv Bus Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2012.0006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/poms.12242"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","first-page":"112","article-title":"The burden of chronic disease","volume":"8","author":"Hacker K","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hacker K. The burden of chronic disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2024;8(1):112-119.","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","first-page":"548","article-title":"Population health screenings for the prevention of chronic disease progression","volume":"25","author":"Fragala MS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fragala MS, Shiffman D, Birse CE. Population health screenings for the prevention of chronic disease progression. Am J Manag Care. 2019;25(11):548-553.","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National diabetes statistics report. 2021. [cited 2024 June 30]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/php\/data-research\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. High blood pressure facts. 2022. [cited 2024 June 30]. 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Available from: https:\/\/my.clevelandclinic.org\/health\/articles\/11920-cholesterol-numbers-what-do-they-mean"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Health Promotion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08901171251371456","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08901171251371456","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08901171251371456","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:03:51Z","timestamp":1777367031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08901171251371456"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08901171251371456"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08901171251371456","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-1171","2168-6602"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-1171","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-6602","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]}}}