{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:33:10Z","timestamp":1791232390141,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women\u2019s Health at the University of Minnesota"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000098","name":"Clinical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA77598"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA77598"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000098","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1TR004405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1TR004405"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Health Promot"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To understand variables involved in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in women, including sociodemographics and concerns regarding the vaccine\u2019s effects on reproductive health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional survey.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>617 adult females.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Demographics; adult Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS); time between COVID-19 vaccination eligibility and vaccination; medical conditions; gynecologic history; menstrual cycle changes related to COVID-19 vaccination, infection, and stress; levels of worry regarding effects of the vaccine on reproductive health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Wilcoxon rank-sum, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square or Fisher\u2019s exact tests, linear regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Women without a college degree had higher VHS scores (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.002) and waited longer to get vaccinated once becoming eligible (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). There were no significant differences in vaccine hesitancy between women of reproductive age and older women. VHS scores were significantly higher for women worried about adverse effects of the vaccine on reproductive health (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). Women not using hormonal contraception were more likely to report late onset of their cycle after receiving the vaccine compared to those using hormonal contraception (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.018).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Greater vaccine hesitancy was associated with concerns around the vaccine\u2019s effects on reproductive health and lower levels of total education achieved. This study highlights specific concerns women have related to COVID-19 vaccination, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing reproductive health information in the development and dissemination of novel vaccines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08901171261426781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T15:36:48Z","timestamp":1771947408000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Women\u2019s Reproductive Health Concerns"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9784-6020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brianna","family":"Wenande","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota Medical School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katelyn M.","family":"Tessier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Westberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachael","family":"Grundman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota Medical School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota Medical School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","unstructured":"Ten health issues WHO will tackle this year. 2019. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/spotlight\/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019 (Accessed June 9 2023)."},{"issue":"48","key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","first-page":"986","article-title":"Mumps outbreak on a university campus--California, 2011","volume":"61","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2012","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 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