{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:36:20Z","timestamp":1777376180512,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01DA055982"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01DA055982"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Am J Health Promot"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the incremental effectiveness and costs of a motivational enhancement intervention, Connect2Test, embedded in syringe service programs (SSPs) on COVID-19 testing and vaccination uptake among people who inject drugs (PWID).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two-arm randomized controlled trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SSPs in Oregon.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Sample<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PWID (n = 349) receiving services at SSPs. Participants were 18\u00a0years or older (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 43.9), English-speaking, and mostly male (60%), White (64%), non-Hispanic (87%), and had low-income.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were randomized to contingency management (CM; ie, $10 gift card) only (n = 172) or to CM + Connect2Test (n = 177).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>COVID-19 testing and vaccination (outcomes) and costs associated to Connect2Test training, staff delivery, materials, and facilities.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Analysis<\/jats:bold>\n                      : Used multilevel logistic regression to compare rates of COVID-19 testing and vaccination administered on the same day of the intervention and anytime during a 9-month follow-up period. Estimated incremental costs of CM + Connect2Test relative to CM-only using the ingredients method and a societal perspective.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Relative to CM-only, the CM + Connect2Test group had 296% greater odds of receiving a vaccination during the 9-month follow-up period (3% vs 11%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">OR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3.96, 95%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1.43-10.94). No group differences were found for same-day vaccination or testing, or future testing. The estimated cost of a vaccine with Connect2Test was $575.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A brief motivational intervention delivered by SSP staff increased COVID-19 vaccination among PWID.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08901171261438386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T17:49:07Z","timestamp":1774288147000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Brief Motivational Enhancement Intervention to Promote COVID-19 Testing and Vaccination Among People Who Inject Drugs: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Connect2Test"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0818-3249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Marie","family":"Mauricio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA"},{"name":"University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2424-7473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille C.","family":"Cioffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeff. 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