{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T23:52:06Z","timestamp":1777852326004,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Mj\u00f6lkdroppen","award":["17000 Swedish Crowns"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17000 Swedish Crowns"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Hum Lact"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supplementary feeding, colostrum or, in some countries, commercial milk formula, is given to newborns of women with Type 1 diabetes to prevent neonatal hypoglycemia. Few studies have explored the content of colostrum from women with Type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the macronutrients in colostrum collected during pregnancy and in the early postpartum period to compare colostrum contents in women with and without Type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this cohort study, we collected colostrum among 20 women, 10 with and 10 without Type 1 diabetes, at 10 different time points in gestational weeks 36\u201340 and postpartum Days 1\u20135. We measured carbohydrates, protein, fat, and kilocalories in colostrum using a human milk analyzer; and we analyzed data using linear mixed models. In a follow-up analysis, we compared the content of colostrum from Day 1 with the nutritional values provided on the commercial milk formula, using a one-sample\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were no mean differences in carbohydrates (6.6\u2009g\/100\u2009ml; 95% CI [6.3, 6.9] vs. 6.7\u2009g\/100\u2009ml; 95% CI [6.4, 7.0]\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.29); kilocalories (71.1\u2009kcal\/100\u2009ml; 95% CI [62.9, 79.3] vs. 85.3\u2009kcal\/100\u2009ml; 95% CI [77.2, 93.3]\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.21], and fat (2.7\u2009g\/100\u2009ml; 95% CI [1.8, 3.6] vs. 2.3\u2009g\/100\u2009ml; 95% CI [1.4, 3.2]\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.55) in colostrum when comparing women with and without Type 1 diabetes. However, antenatal protein differed at all timepoints tested (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). Colostrum macronutrients on Day 1 differed from that of commercial milk formula and all other colostrum time points, except Gestational Week 38.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study provides insights into antenatal and postnatal colostrum macronutrients among women with and without Type 1 diabetes. Further studies are needed to understand the effects of supplementary feeding using antenatal or postnatal colostrum or commercial milk formula on neonatal hypoglycemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344251318285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T08:05:06Z","timestamp":1741766706000},"page":"254-262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison Between Antenatal and Postnatal Colostrum From Women With and Without Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1282-1637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Goldberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet Soder Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Pettersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet Soder Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Ek\u00e9us","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Ursing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet Soder Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Wiberg-Itzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet Soder Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Tingstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet Soder Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association. 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