{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T06:07:16Z","timestamp":1789020436542,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750291200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"JST SPRING","award":["JPMJSP2119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJSP2119"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Hum Lact"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Breastfeeding is crucial for infant health, but nipple trauma remains a common challenge. In particular, nipple trauma can lead to the onset of mastitis and psychological distress for mothers. Silver nipple protectors have been suggested to alleviate this issue, but detailed research is needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to clarify the effectiveness of silver nipple protectors in treating nipple trauma in Japanese women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A non-randomized comparative trial compared 47 participants (94 nipples) using silver nipple protectors with a control group of 50 participants (100 nipples) from historical data. The assessment included chronological changes in nipple condition, level of nipple pain, and safety, among other factors. Data collection spanned from 2023 to 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The group using silver protectors experienced fewer instances of severe nipple trauma and showed a higher frequency of healing patterns. Many of these patterns involved a transition from mild erythema or swelling toward a healing state. Specifically, the level of nipple pain on the 4th postpartum day was significantly lower. No safety issues from the use of silver protectors were noted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that silver nipple protectors may prevent the occurrence of severe nipple trauma and are safe and beneficial for Japanese women. Future research should focus on the mechanism of silver protectors, their long-term effects, regional differences, practical challenges for implementation, and comparisons with other common treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344251342564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T05:31:13Z","timestamp":1750311073000},"page":"382-391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Role of Silver Nipple Protectors in Treating Nipple Trauma: A Non-Randomized Comparative Trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8840-6985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maya","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate school of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7796-5113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Sugimori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5396-2014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoko","family":"Asaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of maternal and child nursing\/midwifery, Course of nursing science, Graduate school"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4119-7546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Ebina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Charehsaz M. Reis R. Sumer E. Orak D. Deniz I. Sipahi H. Aydin A. (2021). Assessment of dermal biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver-made nipple cap. Journal of Research in Pharmacy 25(5) 755\u2013762. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29228\/jrp.66","DOI":"10.29228\/jrp.66"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Douglas P. (2022). Re-thinking lactation-related nipple pain and damage. Women\u2019s Health 18 1\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17455057221087865","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057221087865"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gianni M. L. Roggero P. Mosca F. (2019). Human milk protein vs. formula protein and their use in preterm infants. Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care 22(1) 76\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000528","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000528"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jung W. K. Koo H. C. Kim K. W. Shin S. Kim S. H. Park Y. H. 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