{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T23:58:36Z","timestamp":1790467116706,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Hum Lact"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most research on human milk donation and human milk banking has focused on mothers, while fathers\u2019 perspectives remain insufficiently explored. Although mothers may be willing to donate milk or use donor milk for their own infants, these decisions are often shaped by their spouses\u2019 viewpoints. This study aimed to explore fathers\u2019 views on human milk donation and human milk banking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative study used an inductive thematic analysis approach. Data were collected between August and December 2024 through semi-structured interviews with 20 fathers who brought their infants for routine checkups at a state hospital in T\u00fcrkiye via semi-structured interviews and a descriptive form. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. MAXQDA software was used during the analysis process.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five main themes with 10 subthemes were identified. Fathers\u2019 perspectives reflected a balance between perceived benefits of donor human milk for infants in need and concerns related to religious beliefs, milk kinship, hygiene, and trust. Acceptance of donor milk use for their own infants was conditional and depended on hygienic handling, professional supervision, and transparency regarding donor information. Fathers expressed divided opinions about allowing their wives to donate milk, and views on establishing human milk banks in T\u00fcrkiye ranged from acceptance to conditional acceptance or rejection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fathers\u2019 perspectives on human milk donation and milk banking are shaped by the interplay between infant benefits and religious, cultural, and hygiene concerns. Spouses\u2019 attitudes and approval regarding milk donation are important family factors influencing decisions about human milk donation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344261452004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T13:11:44Z","timestamp":1782220304000},"page":"865-876","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Human Milk Donation and Human Milk Banking from the Perspective of Fathers: A Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2487-2140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zehra","family":"\u00c7er\u00e7er","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5493-128X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gamze","family":"Acavut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131 Karatekin University, \u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fadime","family":"Bi\u00e7er \u015eahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep Islam Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akman D\u00f6mbekci H. Eri\u015fen M. A. (2022). Interview technique in qualitative research. Anadolu University Journal of Social Sciences 22 141\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18037\/ausbd.1227330","DOI":"10.18037\/ausbd.1227330"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Atkinson L. Silverio S. A. Bick D. Fallon V. (2021). Relationships between paternal attitudes paternal involvement and infant-feeding outcomes: Mixed-methods findings from a global online survey of English-speaking fathers. Maternal & Child Nutrition 17 Article e13147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mcn.13147","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13147"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"A conceptual review of sampling methods and sample size problems in qualitative research","volume":"7","author":"Baltac\u0131 A.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Baltac\u0131 A. (2018). A conceptual review of sampling methods and sample size problems in qualitative research. Journal of Bitlis Eren University Institute of Social Sciences, 7, 231\u2013274.","journal-title":"Journal of Bitlis Eren University Institute of Social Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bradshaw C. Atkinson S. Doody O. (2017). Employing a qualitative description approach in health care research. Global Qualitative Nursing Research 4 1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/233339361774228","DOI":"10.1177\/2333393617742282"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang F. Y. Cheng S. W. Wu T. Z. Fang L. J. (2013). Characteristics of the first human milk bank in Taiwan. Pediatrics & Neonatology 54 28\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedneo.2012.11.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2012.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Copland S. Noble-Carr D. Carroll K. Waldby C. (2025). Rethinking men\u2019s grief: A case study of bereaved fathers\u2019 involvement in lactation and human milk donation after infant loss. Men and Masculinities 28(5) 552\u2013572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1097184X251327420","DOI":"10.1177\/1097184X251327420"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doshmangir L. Naghshi M. Gholipour K. Ahmadi A. Azizi H. Gordeev V. S. (2025). Factors influencing breast milk donation to a human milk bank in Iran: Implications for policymakers and planners. BMC Nutrition 11(1) 13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40795-025-00994-7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40795-025-00994-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doshmangir L. Naghshi M. Khabiri R. (2019). Factors influencing donations to human milk bank: A systematic review of facilitators and barriers. Breastfeeding Medicine 14 298\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/bfm.2019.0002","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2019.0002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","first-page":"107","article-title":"A multicenter study for the determination of health care staff\u2019s knowledge and views about breast milk banks","volume":"28","author":"Erenel A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Erenel A., \u00dcnal Toprak F., G\u00f6lba\u015f\u0131 Z., Pelit Aksu S., Arslan G\u00fcrc\u00fco\u011flu E., U\u00e7ar T., Vural G. (2017). A multicenter study for the determination of health care staff\u2019s knowledge and views about breast milk banks. Gazi Medical Journal, 28, 107\u2013111.","journal-title":"Gazi Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2005.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karacan E. \u00c7elikkanat \u015e. G\u00fcng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f Z. (2024). Beliefs and views of breastfeeding mothers regarding human milk banking: A qualitative study. Nutrition 119 Article 112299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nut.2023.112299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2023.112299"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kilci Erciyas \u015e. \u00d6zsavran M. Ayy\u0131ld\u0131z T. (2021). Views of postnatal mothers regarding human milk banking. Medical Journal of Western Black Sea 5 435\u2013443. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29058\/mjwbs.893944","DOI":"10.29058\/mjwbs.893944"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-15671-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","first-page":"593","article-title":"Breast milk bank","volume":"4","author":"Kulu\u00e7tu A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kulu\u00e7tu A., \u00d6zerdo\u011fan N. (2017). Breast milk bank. Manisa CBU Journal of Institute of Health Science, 4, 593\u2013596.","journal-title":"Manisa CBU Journal of Institute of Health Science"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li J. Ip H. L. Fan Y. Kwok J. Y. Fong D. Y. Lok K. Y. W. (2024). Unveiling the voices: Exploring perspectives and experiences of women donors recipient mothers and healthcare professionals in human milk donation: A systematic review of qualitative studies. Women Birth 37 Article 101644. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wombi.2024.101644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2024.101644"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lincoln Y. S. Guba E. G. (1986). But is it rigorous? Trustworthiness and authenticity in naturalistic evaluation. New Directions for Program Evaluation 30 73\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ev.1427","DOI":"10.1002\/ev.1427"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mampane T. Wolvaardt J. E. (2024). The acceptability of a donor human milk bank and donated human milk among mothers in Limpopo Province South Africa. Maternal & Child Nutrition 20 Article e13651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mcn.13651","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13651"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mathias E. G. Patil D. S. Kolakemar A. Krishnan J. B. Renjith V. Gudi N. Swamy R. S. Brand A. (2023). Barriers and facilitators for the donation and acceptance of human breast milk: A scoping review. Current Nutrition Reports 12 617\u2013634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13668-023-00506-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s13668-023-00506-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u04e7relius E. Brogren S. Andersson S. Alehagen S. (2021). Fathers\u2019 experiences of feeding their extremely preterm infants in family-centred neonatal intensive care: A qualitative study. International Breastfeeding Journal 16(1) 46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13006-021-00394-0","DOI":"10.1186\/s13006-021-00394-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mukembo A. Bukenya J. Benon M. Dorren M. (2021). Perceived father\u2019s roles in promotion of breastfeeding at household level: Case study of fathers in Amuru District Northern Uganda. Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research 37(1) 29005-29009. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26717\/BJSTR.2021.37.005931","DOI":"10.26717\/BJSTR.2021.37.005931"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen T. T. Huynh N. L. Becker G. Tran H. T. Cashin J. Mathisen R. (2025). Views on wet nursing and expressing breastmilk for sharing and human milk bank donation among mothers in two parenting social media communities in Vietnam. Maternal & Child Nutrition 21 Article e13694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mcn.13694","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13694"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nowell L. S. Norris J. M. White D. E. Moules N. J. (2017). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods 16 1\u201313.","DOI":"10.1177\/1609406917733847"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien B. C. Harris I. B. Beckman T. J. Reed D. A. Cook D. A. (2014). Standards for reporting qualitative research. Academic Medicine 89 1245\u20131251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000388","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000388"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Obeng C. Jackson F. Amissah-Essel E. Nsiah-Asamoah C. Perry C. A. Gonzalez Casanova I. Obeng-Gyasi E. (2023). Women\u2019s perspectives on human milk banking in Ghana: Results from a cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Public Health 11 Article 1128375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1128375","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1128375"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ouyang Y. Q. Wang S. Y. Huang Y. Zhang N. Wang X. Li J. Yue S. W. Redding S. R. (2025). Chinese postpartum mothers\u2019 views on donor milk and human milk banking: A qualitative study. Midwifery 146 Article 104408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.midw.2025.104408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2025.104408"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pramono A. Hikmawati A. (2024). Donor human milk practice in Indonesia: A media content analysis. Frontiers in Nutrition 11 Article 1442864. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2024.1442864","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1442864"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramachandran K. Dahlui M. Nik Farid N. D. (2024). Motivators and barriers to the acceptability of a human milk bank among Malaysians. PLoS One 19 Article e0299308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0299308","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0299308"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saunders B. Sim J. Kingstone T. Baker S. Waterfield J. Bartlam B. Burroughs H. Jinks C. (2018). Saturation in qualitative research: Exploring its conceptualization and operationalization. Quality & Quantity 52 1893\u20131907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11135-017-0574-8","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-017-0574-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sherriff N. Hall V. Panton C. (2014). Engaging and supporting fathers to promote breastfeeding: A concept analysis. Midwifery 30 667\u2013677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.midw.2013.07.014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2013.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_1","unstructured":"Simal Yavuz N. Ozerdogan N. (2024). How should father support be in breastfeeding?: A systematic review. Zenodo 4 28\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.10976093"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00fcrmeli Y. Vefikulu\u00e7ay Y\u0131lmaz D. (2023). Knowledge and opinions of Turkish parents about the human milk bank. Mediterranean Nursing and Midwifery 3(1) 10\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4274\/MNM.2022.22116","DOI":"10.4274\/MNM.2022.22116"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weaver G. Bertino E. Gebauer C. Grovslien A. Mileusnic-Milenovic R. Arslanoglu S. Barnett D. Boquien C.-Y. Buffin R. Gaya A. Moro G. E. Wesolowska A. Picaud J.-C. (2019). Recommendations for the establishment and operation of human milk banks in Europe: A consensus statement from the European Milk Bank Association (EMBA). Frontiers in Pediatrics 7 Article 53. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2019.00053","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00053"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2022). Call for authors\u2013Systematic reviews on donor human milk banking processes. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/articles-detail\/call-for-authors-systematic-reviews-on-donor-human-milk-banking-processes"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2023). Infant and young child feeding. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/infant-and-young-child-feeding"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_1","first-page":"124","article-title":"An nursing and midwifery students\u2019 opinions about breast milk banking","volume":"5","author":"Ya\u015far \u00d6.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ya\u015far \u00d6., \u00c7evik E., Dokuzcan D. A. (2023). An nursing and midwifery students\u2019 opinions about breast milk banking. Journal of Health Professionals Research, 5, 124\u2013129.","journal-title":"Journal of Health Professionals Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang N. Li J. Y. Liu X. W. Jiang Y. L. Redding S. R. Ouyang Y. Q. (2020). Factors associated with postpartum women\u2019s knowledge attitude and practice regarding human milk banks and milk donation: A cross-sectional survey. Midwifery 91 Article 102837. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.midw.2020.102837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2020.102837"}],"container-title":["Journal of Human Lactation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08903344261452004","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08903344261452004","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08903344261452004","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T23:18:46Z","timestamp":1790464726000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08903344261452004"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08903344261452004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08903344261452004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0890-3344","1552-5732"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0890-3344","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-5732","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]}}}