{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:08:11Z","timestamp":1787497691568,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020502","name":"District of Columbia Department of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020502","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Hum Lact"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The workplace experience of low-wage breastfeeding employees is not well studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Research Aims\/Questions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify low-wage employees\u2019 workplace barriers and facilitators to breastfeeding at 4 and 6 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were collected from 111 low-income participants in a Washington, DC, pediatric clinic. Eligible participants had a child less than 3 years old, were employed when their child was less than 1 year old, and had either breastfed while employed or never breastfed because they planned to return to work.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      81.0% of participants breastfed at least 4 months, and 69.8% breastfed for 6 months or greater. Participants who worked in the childcare sector had the highest breastfeeding rates at 4 (92.3%) and 6 months (80.0%) compared to other job sectors. Employees with greater levels of support in the workplace were more likely to breastfeed at 4 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.01) and 6 months (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.02). Employees who were provided break times to pump had higher odds (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20098.80, 95% CI: 1.90\/40.68) of breastfeeding at 4 months. Additionally, having supportive coworkers and managers was associated with higher odds of breastfeeding at 4 months (OR\u2009=\u20097.55; 95% CI:1.58\/36.07). Factors associated with having a manager supportive of employees\u2019 breastfeeding included working in childcare (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.009), having a higher education (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.046), and having a written workplace breastfeeding policy (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.04).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Greater enforcement of breastfeeding policies, improved workplace accommodations, and enhanced support from managers and coworkers may improve breastfeeding rates in low-wage employees.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344261452634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T16:03:50Z","timestamp":1783872230000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Barriers and Facilitators for Breastfeeding Among Low-Wage Employees in the Washington, DC, Area"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7751-2467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer AF","family":"Tender","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's National Hospital, Department of General Pediatrics, Goldberg Center, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Cooper Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Mason University, College of Public Health, Department of Global and Community Health, Fairfax, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janay","family":"Ezekwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Logan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metropolitan Breastfeeding"},{"name":"Children's National Hospital, Department of General Pediatrics, Goldberg Center, Washington, DC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2321-1575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amira A","family":"Roess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Mason University, College of Public Health, Department of Global and Community Health, Fairfax, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alvarez R. 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