{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T18:31:07Z","timestamp":1788201067160,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zydus Wellness"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Hum Lact"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Breastfeeding women often experience nipple pain, usually caused by incorrect newborn positioning in the first 10 days after childbirth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the efficacy and safety of a novel gel-based formulation in healthy pregnant and lactating women with cracked and painful nipples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty participants were instructed to gently apply approximately 0.5 g of test product onto the nipples and surrounding area for 14\u2009days (an open-label, single-arm study). Nipple pain, nipple skin physical parameters, skin hydration, and skin barrier function were assessed at various time points.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The nipple pain significantly reduced at all visits following the application of the test product, with a 43.7% decrease by 24\u2009hours (Day 2;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) and a complete relief at Day 14 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) after application of the test product compared to the baseline. The dermatological assessment of nipple skin conditions revealed a significant improvement in dryness, nipple skin roughness, nipple skin redness\/erythema, burning, itching, and stinging at all visits compared to the baseline. Skin hydration significantly improved by 23.55% by 24\u2009hours (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) and 42.25% at Day 14 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) as compared to baseline. Additionally, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) significantly reduced by 8.78% by 24\u2009hours (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) and 21.52% at Day 14 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) as compared to baseline.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The gel-based formulation was well-tolerated and safe, with participants showing marked improvement in nipple symptoms within 24\u2009hours and complete resolution by Day 14. These findings are preliminary and further controlled studies are needed to confirm the results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial registry name:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical Trials Registry\u2013India<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>URL:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.ctri.nic.in\">www.ctri.nic.in<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Registration number:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CTRI\/2022\/08\/044645<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08903344261474490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T04:19:08Z","timestamp":1788063548000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of a Nursing Gel Formulation in Pregnant and Lactating Women With Cracked and Painful Nipples: An Open-Label, Single-Arm Clinical Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1012-6489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trupti","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Wellness Institute, R&amp;D Department, Ahmedabad, GJ, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0648-0996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramesh","family":"Prajapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Wellness Institute, R&amp;D Department, Ahmedabad, GJ, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6201-5262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virendra","family":"Narkhede M.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Wellness Institute, R&amp;D Department, Ahmedabad, GJ, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0953-1061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rutu","family":"Bhimani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Wellness Institute, R&amp;D Department, Ahmedabad, GJ, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1046-7769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tejas","family":"Vyas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Wellness Institute, R&amp;D Department, Ahmedabad, GJ, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5123-2074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mrityunjay","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zydus Wellness Institute, R&amp;D Department, Ahmedabad, GJ, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","unstructured":"Agme-Ghodke V. 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