{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:47:05Z","timestamp":1787510825209,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Postma Family Research Program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute Of Neurological Disorders And Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effect of virtual group music therapy on apathy in people with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Apathy affects 40% of people with PD, lacks effective therapies, and independently predicts poorer quality of life and greater caregiver burden. Music therapy is the clinical application of music to address a person\u2019s physical or emotional needs and is effective in treating apathy in dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>People with idiopathic PD and apathy (Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale, apathy item \u2265 2) and their caregivers participated in twelve, weekly virtual group music therapy sessions, with session attendance signifying adherence. Participants completed pre- and post-intervention assessments of apathy (Apathy Scale (AS)), quality of life (Parkinson\u2019s Disease Questionnaire-short form), functional ability (Schwab &amp; England Activities of Daily Living Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II)), and cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Blind). Among secondary outcomes, we assessed caregiver burden (Zarit Burden Interview-short form) and strain (Multidimensional Caregiver Strain Index).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixteen PD participants (93.8% men, mean age 68.3 \u00b1 8.4\u00a0years, median 6 years PD duration) and their caregivers (93.8% women, mean age 62.6 \u00b1 11\u00a0years) completed the study. All PD participants and 88% of caregivers were &gt;70% adherent to the intervention. Apathy (AS, effect size = 0.767, P = 0.002) and depression (BDI-II, effect size = 0.542, P = 0.03) improved, with no change in caregiver measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Group music therapy is an effective treatment for apathy in PD and may improve mood. The virtual format is a feasible alternative to in-person sessions with high adherence and satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08919887231176755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T17:03:07Z","timestamp":1684429387000},"page":"49-60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Virtual Group Music Therapy for Apathy in Parkinson\u2019s Disease: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7127-6299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepal","family":"Shah-Zamora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist, Winston-Salem, NC, USA"},{"name":"Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharlet","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brandon","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"},{"name":"Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5003-9091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jori E.","family":"Fleisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-022-00410-y"},{"key":"bibr2-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.131045"},{"key":"bibr3-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2019.05.009"},{"key":"bibr4-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2008.07.006"},{"key":"bibr5-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2017.07.003"},{"key":"bibr6-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000347129"},{"key":"bibr7-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23872"},{"key":"bibr8-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2704"},{"key":"bibr9-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt067"},{"key":"bibr10-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-016-0610-7"},{"key":"bibr11-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306439"},{"key":"bibr12-08919887231176755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70106-0"},{"key":"bibr13-08919887231176755","unstructured":"Definition and quotes about music therapy. 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