{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T14:04:42Z","timestamp":1790863482765,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1989,7,1]],"date-time":"1989-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":615254400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Involuntary hospitalization of the elderly has been the focus of controversy. In many jurisdictions, commitment criteria are stringently and narrowly defined, require a showing of \"dangerousness,\" and are difficult to apply toward securing proper treatment for the elderly. In other areas, broader criteria apply, but some authors argue that such criteria are inappropriately used with the elderly and leave them vulnerable to the abuse of unnecessary institutionalization. The authors examined 274 consecutive admissions aged 55 years and over, comparing voluntary and involuntary patients. Patients admitted involuntarily were significantly more likely to have organic mental disorders, be violent before admission, and be disoriented, withdrawn, and apathetic. Voluntary patients were significantly more likely to have major mood disorders. Patients who lived with others were more likely to be committed than those living alone. The authors discuss these findings with attention to the appropriateness of broader commitment standards and the more stringent dangerousness criteria as they apply to the geriatric population. ( J Geriatr Psychiatry\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Neurol<\/jats:italic>\n                    1989; 2:140-144).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/089198878900200304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,18]],"date-time":"2007-03-18T02:00:19Z","timestamp":1174183219000},"page":"140-144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Psychiatric Commitment of the Elderly"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Karen","family":"Blank","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Beth Israel Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Vingiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New York Medical College and the Westchester County Medical Center New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold I.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Beth Israel Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1989,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"The Mentally Disabled and the Law, ed 3","author":"Brakel JB","year":"1985","unstructured":"Brakel JB, Parry J., Weiner BA: The Mentally Disabled and the Law, ed 3. Chicago, American Bar Foundation, 1985."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"385","article-title":"Mental health commitment: The state of the debate 1980","volume":"31","author":"Roth LH","year":"1980","unstructured":"Roth LH: Mental health commitment: The state of the debate 1980. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1980;31:385-396.","journal-title":"Hosp Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"703","article-title":"Civil commitment: Is the pendulum changing direction?","volume":"33","author":"Appelbaum PS","year":"1982","unstructured":"Appelbaum PS : Civil commitment: Is the pendulum changing direction? Hosp Community Psychiatry 1982;33:703-704.","journal-title":"Hosp Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"69","article-title":"Summary and analysis: Dangerousness standard in civil commitment","volume":"7","year":"1983","unstructured":"Summary and analysis: Dangerousness standard in civil commitment . Ment Disabil Law Rep 1983;7:69.","journal-title":"Ment Disabil Law Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Law and Psychological Practice","author":"Schwitzgebel RL","year":"1980","unstructured":"Schwitzgebel RL, Schwitzgebel RK: Law and Psychological Practice. New York, John Wiley, 1980."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.133.5.496"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"National Conference of State Legislators","author":"Craig R.","unstructured":"Craig R., Paterson A.: State Legislative Report. State Involuntary Commitment Laws: Beyond Deinstitutionalization, revised. Denver, National Conference of State Legislators, 1987."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"The inappropriate commitment of the aged","volume":"10","author":"Jones LR","year":"1982","unstructured":"Jones LR, Parlour RR, Badger LW: The inappropriate commitment of the aged. Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law 1982;10:29-38.","journal-title":"Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-197710000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.143.10.1233"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Modernization of a mental health act: 1. Commitment patterns","volume":"8","author":"Munetz MR","year":"1980","unstructured":"Munetz MR, Kaufman ER, Rich CL: Modernization of a mental health act: 1. Commitment patterns. Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law 1980;8:83-93.","journal-title":"Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-0025.1975.tb01168.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1984.01790190085011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1977.01770180055004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"New York Mental Hygiene Law \u00a7 9.27."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"New York Mental Hygiene Law \u00a7 9.01."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scopes v Shah 398 NYS2d 911 913 (1977).","DOI":"10.1086\/493423"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Project Release v Prevost 722 F2d 960 (2d Cir) (1983)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"Interdisciplinary approach to the development of a cognitive screening test for institutionalized elderly","volume":"23","author":"Korbel H.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Korbel H., Domato K., Nobel K., et al: Interdisciplinary approach to the development of a cognitive screening test for institutionalized elderly. Gerontologist 1983;23:121.","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/32.1.58"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/10645-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Involuntary Civil Commitment in the First Judicial Department","author":"Fitch WL","year":"1982","unstructured":"Fitch WL, McGraw BD, Hendryx J., Marvell TB: Involuntary Civil Commitment in the First Judicial Department, New York City. Williamsburg, VA, National Center for State Courts, 1982."}],"container-title":["Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/089198878900200304","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/089198878900200304","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T13:39:53Z","timestamp":1790861993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/089198878900200304"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/089198878900200304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/089198878900200304","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-9887","1552-5708"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-9887","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-5708","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,7]]}}}