{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T07:30:40Z","timestamp":1786606240032,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769126400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Endourology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients undergoing holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) are increasingly elderly, comorbid, and likely to present with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Postoperative infections are common in this growing subset, and optimal perioperative prophylactic antibiotic duration is understudied. Therefore, we aim to analyze the association between the postoperative antibiotics duration and the postoperative infection rates in patients undergoing HoLEP at increased risk for infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective single-center cohort study was performed with patients undergoing HoLEP between 2018 and 2023. We included patients with risk factors for infection, including positive preoperative urine culture, catheter dependency, immunosuppression, history of urosepsis, history of pyelonephritis, or history of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Patients were categorized according to antibiotic duration in the postoperative setting as either short-term (\u22643 days) or long-term (&gt;3 days) groups. The primary outcome was the 30-day infection rate, defined as treatment provided for a clinically diagnosed UTI. Propensity score was applied for adjusted analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified 204 high-risk patients, of which 76 were in the long-term group. The short-term group had an infection rate of 18.8% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 24), while the long-term group had a rate of 6.6% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 5) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.016). The positive urine culture rate was 11.7% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 15) in the short-term group and 3.9% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3) in the long-term group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.074). After adjusting for factors associated with postoperative infection, the long-term group had a 12.1% lower chance of infectious complication than the short-term group (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4\u201320.9,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.006). The long-term group had a 7.8% lower chance of positive urine culture than the short-term group (95% CI: 0.7\u201314.9,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.032).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrated that postoperative antibiotic duration affects infectious complications rates in patients undergoing HoLEP with a higher risk of infection. When prescribing antibiotic prophylaxis, longer durations of postoperative antibiotics should be considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08927790261415912","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T09:20:53Z","timestamp":1769160053000},"page":"479-487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Postoperative Antibiotic Duration Affects Infectious Rates in High-Risk Patients Undergoing HoLEP"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Feres","family":"Camargo Maluf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria C.","family":"Velasquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mubarak","family":"Momodu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uday","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazumi","family":"Taguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel T.","family":"Funk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiko","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilson","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2023.0612"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-21-1005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2012.0505"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2010.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/luts.12380"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13050424"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Protocol for a comparison study of 1-day (single dose) versus 2-day prophylactic antibiotic administration in Holmium Laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP): a randomized controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Shigemura K","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shigemura K, , Yamamichi F, , Nishimoto K, et al. Protocol for a comparison study of 1-day (single dose) versus 2-day prophylactic antibiotic administration in Holmium Laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP): a randomized controlled trial. F1000Res, 2019; 8:161; doi: 10.12688\/f1000research.17660.2","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000000509"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2023.0503"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet","author":"Givler DN","year":"2025","unstructured":"Givler DN, , Givler A. Asymptomatic Bacteriuria. [Updated 2023 Jul 17]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK441848\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-022-06968-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","volume-title":"Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections","author":"Aggarwal N","year":"2025","unstructured":"Aggarwal N, , Leslie SW. Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL); 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.11499"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6607"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1214\/09-STS313"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13685538.2020.1781806"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-024-01582-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","unstructured":"EAU Guidelines. Edn. presented at the EAU Annual Congress Paris 2024. Available from: https:\/\/uroweb.org\/guidelines"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"539","article-title":"The state of antimicrobial prophylaxis for holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: HoLEP and the results of a questionnaire survey]","volume":"57","author":"Ishikawa K","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ishikawa K, , Maruyama T, , Kusaka M, et al. The state of antimicrobial prophylaxis for holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: HoLEP and the results of a questionnaire survey]. 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