{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:21:37Z","timestamp":1791822097782,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Endourology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]},"abstract":"\n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate factors associated with the conversion of robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) to open partial nephrectomy (OPN) and radical nephrectomy (RN).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n We retrospectively reviewed 775 consecutive RAPNs from a single surgeon. Perioperative factors were evaluated for association with RAPN conversion such as Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score, length of stay (LOS), and operative time (OT). A logistic regression model was utilized to evaluate factors associated with conversion and reported as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed through the Wilcoxon rank-sum and chi-square tests.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty-two (4.1%) patients had a conversion including 19 (2.5%) to OPN and 13 (1.7%) to RN. OPN conversions were related to bleeding (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 7), inability to dissect perinephric fat (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 4), liver retraction (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 1), and failure to secure renal hilum\/progress (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 7). In contrast, conversions to RN were due to tumor involvement of the renal vein (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 3) or ureter (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 5) and inability to achieve negative margins (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 5). Patients in the conversion cohort were more likely to have larger tumor size (3.7\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n 2.8 cm;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001) and higher MAP score (3.0\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n 2.0;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.04). Median LOS was higher in the conversion group (3.0\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n 2.0 days;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.003). Conversions were associated with postoperative complications (28.1%\n vs<\/jats:italic>\n 13.7%;\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.023). After adjusting tumor size in our regression model, longer OT and dissection time were statistically higher in the conversion group (OR = 2.19 [1.50\u20133.21];\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001 and OR = 2.67 [1.82\u20133.94];\n p<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001, respectively).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Larger tumor size and higher MAP score were associated with conversions during RAPN. Conversions were associated with higher LOS, longer OT, and postoperative complications.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08927790261473126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T11:33:58Z","timestamp":1785584038000},"page":"1142-1147","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Perioperative Factors Associated with the Conversion of Robotic-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy to Open Partial and Radical Nephrectomy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Neda","family":"Qosja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeonsoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Geldmaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matea","family":"Spahiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1428-6470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"McCoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Haehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda E.","family":"Kahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0677-976X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Qualkenbush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5926-3636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David D.","family":"Thiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2017.11.046"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","first-page":"708","article-title":"Conversions in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: A multicentric analysis of 2549 cases","volume":"76","author":"Katzendorn O","year":"2024","unstructured":"3.Katzendorn O, , Schiefelbein F, , Schoen G, et al. Conversions in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: A multicentric analysis of 2549 cases. Minerva Urol Nephrol. 2024;76(6):708\u2013716.","journal-title":"Minerva Urol Nephrol."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000003860"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2020.0357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000521288"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0100-3984.2021.0166"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2014.08.054"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","volume-title":"Chronic Kidney Disease","author":"Vaidya SR","year":"2024","unstructured":"9.Vaidya SR, , Aeddula NR. Chronic Kidney Disease. StatPearls: Treasure Island, FL; 2024."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181b13ca2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2017.08.014"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endourology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08927790261473126","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08927790261473126","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08927790261473126","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T04:45:28Z","timestamp":1790570728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08927790261473126"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08927790261473126"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08927790261473126","relation":{},"ISSN":["0892-7790","1557-900X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0892-7790","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-900X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]}}}