{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:01:38Z","timestamp":1790121698123,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["JCYJ20240813154930040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20240813154930040"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12027812"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12027812"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12505357"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12505357"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62422123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62422123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFF0715400, 2023YFF0715404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFF0715400, 2023YFF0715404"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It has been demonstrated that grating interferometers can be utilized to enhance the X-ray imaging contrast of low-density and weakly absorbing objects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, the design, instrumentation and validation of a grating based laboratory 5.41 keV X-ray phase-contrast microscope with zone-plate are reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This dedicated microscope was carefully designed by coupling the zone-plate imaging method and the grating interferometer imaging method. Specially fabricated X-ray optics were integrated along with a certain X-ray tube source illumination module, motion stages and X-ray detection module. The system\u2019s spatial resolution was characterized with the modulation transfer function (MTF) analysis and the power spectral density (PSD) analysis. The absorption-contrast and phase-contrast images were extracted from the acquired phase stepping dataset. The splitting and superposition behavior of the phase-contrast signal was evaluated by comparing the experimental results with the numerical simulation. CT projections of a mitochondria-targeted, antibody-stained Jurkat T cell were pre-processed by geometric registration before performing the standard filtered back-projection (FBP) reconstruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The absorption imaging results of the Siemens star phantom demonstrated that this microscope achieved a spatial resolution of 35.0\u2009nm based on MTF analysis, while the minimum detectable structure size was 28.5\u2009nm based on PSD analysis. The phase-contrast imaging of a\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mn>5.00<\/mml:mn>\n                          <mml:mspace width=\"0.25em\"\/>\n                          <mml:mi>\u03bc<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">m<\/mml:mi>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      diameter polystyrene microsphere demonstrated the splitting phenomenon (\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mn>8.54<\/mml:mn>\n                          <mml:mspace width=\"0.25em\"\/>\n                          <mml:mi>\u03bc<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">m<\/mml:mi>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      on the sample plane) of the\n                      <jats:inline-formula>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" display=\"inline\" overflow=\"scroll\">\n                          <mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n                          <mml:msup>\n                            <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">st<\/mml:mi>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:msup>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                      order components, and both the splitting distance and line profiles agreed well with the theoretical imaging model. In the reconstructed phase-contrast CT images, the mitochondria could be clearly identified.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study reported the development of a grating based laboratory 5.41\u2009keV X-ray phase-contrast microscope with zone-plate. Results showed that it could significantly enhance the imaging performance of low-density objects such as polystyrene microsphere and biological cells.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08953996261464117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:19:47Z","timestamp":1785421187000},"page":"696-703","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Grating based laboratory 5.41 keV X-ray phase contrast microscopy with zone-plate: design, instrumentation and validation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Yuhang","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Detection Materials and Medical Imaging Devices, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiecheng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Detection Materials and Medical Imaging Devices, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiongtao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Detection Materials and Medical Imaging Devices, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Detection Materials and Medical Imaging Devices, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hairong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paul C Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paul C Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Science and System, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"},{"name":"Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 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