{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T11:14:24Z","timestamp":1777547664995,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1997,9,1]],"date-time":"1997-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":873072000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adv Dent Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sixteen colleges were matched on the baseline prevalence of spit tobacco (ST) use, and college pairs were randomized, one to the intervention and the other to the control group. Baseball and football athletes at each intervention college received: an oral examination by a dental professional who pointed out ST-related problems in the athlete's mouth and advised him to quit ST use; counseling by a dental hygienist on strategies to cope with cravings and triggers for use; and two follow-up telephone calls. At the three-month follow-up, quit rates were 24% and 16% for the intervention (n = 171) and control (n = 189) groups, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). As the reported amount of ST used weekly increased, the percent of individuals who quit at 3 mos decreased (p &lt; 0.05). Dental professionals appear to be effective in promoting spit tobacco cessation at 3 mos post-intervention in male college athletes, especially among those using lesser amounts of ST.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08959374970110030801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,8]],"date-time":"2009-01-08T19:41:28Z","timestamp":1231443688000},"page":"354-359","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["A Spit Tobacco Cessation Intervention for College Athletes: Three-Month Results"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"C.M.","family":"Masouredis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Public Health and Hygiene University of California, San Francisco 707 Parnassus Avenue, Room D-1023 San Francisco, CA 94143-0754"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.F.","family":"Hilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Grady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Gee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Chesney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Hengl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Ernster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California, San Francisco"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.M.","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Public Health and Hygiene University of California, San Francisco 707 Parnassus Avenue, Room D-1023 San Francisco, CA 94143-0754"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1997,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","unstructured":"American Dental Association Policy and recommendations regarding tobacco. 1988, no. 489; 1990, no. 533; 1992, no. 598; 1993, no. 709."},{"key":"atypb2","unstructured":"American Dental Hygiene Association Policy and recommendations regarding tobacco. 1982, no. 5782; 1987, no. 987; 1987, no. 1187; 1994, no. 1794; 1995, no. 895."},{"key":"atypb3","volume-title":"Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory","author":"Bandura A.","year":"1986"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.10.5.360"},{"key":"atypb5","first-page":"230","volume":"42","author":"Centers for Disease Control","year":"1993","journal-title":"Morbid Mortal Wkly Rpt"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(85)90041-3"},{"issue":"1","key":"atypb7","first-page":"557","volume":"4","author":"Choi WS","year":"1995","journal-title":"Evidence from California. 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