{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T16:44:11Z","timestamp":1783183451701,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619654400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619654400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007658","name":"Baxter Healthcare Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007658","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Perit Dial Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies suggested that automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) could be improved in terms of shorter treatment times and lower glucose absorption using bimodal treatment regimens, having \u2018ultrafiltration (UF) cycles\u2019 using a high glucose concentration and \u2018clearance cycles\u2019 using low or no glucose. The purpose of this study is to explore such regimes further using mathematical optimization techniques based on the three-pore model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A linear model with constraints is applied to find the shortest possible treatment time given a set of clinical treatment goals. For bimodal regimes, an exact analytical solution often exists which is herein used to construct optimal regimes giving the same\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Kt<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">V<\/jats:italic>\n                      urea and\/or weekly creatinine clearance and UF as a 6 \u00d7 2 L 1.36% glucose regime and an \u2018adapted\u2019 (2 \u00d7 1.5 L 1.36% + 3 \u00d7 3 L 1.36%) regime.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared to the non-optimized (standard and adapted regimes), the optimized regimens demonstrated marked reductions (&gt;40%) in glucose absorption while having an identical weekly creatinine clearance (35 L) and UF (0.5 L). Larger fill volumes of 1200 mL\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (UF cycles) and 1400 mL\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (clearance cycles) can be used to shorten the total treatment time.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These theoretical results imply substantial improvements in glucose absorption using optimized APD regimens while achieving similar water and solute removal as non-optimized APD regimens. While the current results are based on a well-established theoretical model for peritoneal dialysis, experimental and clinical studies need to be performed to validate the current findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608211010055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T03:43:59Z","timestamp":1619667839000},"page":"381-393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Optimization of bimodal automated peritoneal dialysis prescription using the three-pore model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2471-6914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carl M","family":"\u00d6berg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lund University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2017.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080002000510"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/12.10.2128"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-019-00646-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02570218"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089686081403400401"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2010.00146"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2015.00144"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080902900410"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1992.196"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2018.00225"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","first-page":"94","article-title":"Adapted automated peritoneal dialysis","volume":"30","author":"Fischbach M","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fischbach M, Zaloszyc A, Schaefer B, et al. 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