{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:37:55Z","timestamp":1777927075438,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]],"date-time":"2021-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Greater Manchester Academic Health Science Network"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Perit Dial Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>U-Drain is a fixed drainage system for automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) connecting the dialysis effluent outflow directly to the household drainage system thus avoiding the need for drain bags, with considerable potential advantages for patient convenience and reduction of plastic clinical waste. Here we present a pilot project reporting on U-Drain patient and staff experience based on questionnaires and on the safety of the technology derived from analysis of characteristics of peritonitis episodes. Overall, 15 patients were included in the pilot project and were followed up over 3 years; 11 patients completed a questionnaire exploring their experiences of APD and U-Drain. A family member 55%, carer 10%, healthcare assistant 10% and patient themselves 25% would normally carry the full drainage bags for disposal. Following the installation of U-Drain, 90% of patients reported that the system saved them time setting up and clearing the machine after dialysis, 80% noted a reduction in storage space required for consumables and all patients noted a reduction in non-recyclable waste requiring disposal. All patients who completed the questionnaire were very satisfied with the installation. All staff members who completed the questionnaire reported that their role was easier and the system was time saving. In total, there were 8 peritonitis episodes, including 2 recurrent infections due to biofilm, over 313 patient months follow up. There was no increase in incidence of peritonitis infection (0.3 episodes per year at risk) compared to that in the unit\u2019s population (0.64, 0.42 and 0.5 episodes per year at risk for the years 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively) or delays in diagnosis. Approximately 0.8 kg of non-recyclable clinical waste was saved per treatment day from domestic waste by avoiding the use of PD drain bags. This pilot demonstrates increased patient satisfaction and acceptable safety profile of U-Drain technology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608211035952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]],"date-time":"2021-08-05T05:42:01Z","timestamp":1628142121000},"page":"530-534","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A pilot project evaluating a fixed drainage system (U-Drain) for automated peritoneal dialysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7987-2247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Poulikakos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK"},{"name":"University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Collier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Department, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK"},{"name":"University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08968608211035952","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2011060607"},{"key":"bibr2-08968608211035952","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012010047"},{"key":"bibr3-08968608211035952","unstructured":"British Columbia Provincial Renal Agency (March 2020). PD Procedures Disposal of Used PD Supplies and PD Fluid Waste in the Home Environment, http:\/\/www.bcrenal.ca\/resource-gallery\/Documents\/PD_Procedures-Disposal_of_Used_PD_Supplies_and_PD_Fluid_Waste_in_Home_Env.pdf (accessed 24 June 2021)."},{"key":"bibr4-08968608211035952","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/MDER.S51189"},{"key":"bibr5-08968608211035952","unstructured":"Baxter: Myclaria. Glossary. Drain line extension, https:\/\/myclaria.baxter.com\/glossary.html (accessed 24 June 2021)"},{"key":"bibr6-08968608211035952","unstructured":"U-Drain for people needing night drainage of urine or dialysis fluid Medtech innovation briefing Published: 9 February 2017 www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/mib95, https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/advice\/mib95\/resources\/udrain-for-people-needing-night-drainage-of-urine-or-dialysis-fluid-pdf-63499470071749 (2017, accessed on line 15 April 2021)."},{"key":"bibr7-08968608211035952","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2018.00030"},{"key":"bibr8-08968608211035952","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-019-0245-1"}],"container-title":["Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08968608211035952","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08968608211035952","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08968608211035952","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:34:27Z","timestamp":1777674867000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08968608211035952"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08968608211035952"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08968608211035952","relation":{},"ISSN":["0896-8608","1718-4304"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0896-8608","type":"print"},{"value":"1718-4304","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]]}}}