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The ISPD 2022 updated recommendations have revised and clarified definitions for refractory peritonitis, relapsing peritonitis, peritonitis-associated catheter removal, PD-associated haemodialysis transfer, peritonitis-associated death and peritonitis-associated hospitalisation. New peritonitis categories and outcomes including pre-PD peritonitis, enteric peritonitis, catheter-related peritonitis and medical cure are defined. The new targets recommended for overall peritonitis rate should be no more than 0.40 episodes per year at risk and the percentage of patients free of peritonitis per unit time should be targeted at &gt;80% per year. Revised recommendations regarding management of contamination of PD systems, antibiotic prophylaxis for invasive procedures and PD training and reassessment are included. New recommendations regarding management of modifiable peritonitis risk factors like domestic pets, hypokalaemia and histamine-2 receptor antagonists are highlighted. Updated recommendations regarding empirical antibiotic selection and dosage of antibiotics and also treatment of peritonitis due to specific microorganisms are made with new recommendation regarding adjunctive oral N-acetylcysteine therapy for mitigating aminoglycoside ototoxicity. Areas for future research in prevention and treatment of PD-related peritonitis are suggested.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608221080586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T04:49:22Z","timestamp":1646887762000},"page":"110-153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":702,"title":["ISPD peritonitis guideline recommendations: 2022 update on prevention and treatment"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9879-8388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip Kam-Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"},{"name":"Carol and Richard Yu Peritoneal Dialysis Research Centre, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 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