{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:45:49Z","timestamp":1787964349016,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753833600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Perit Dial Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sex-based differences may influence the clinical management, complication risks, and healthcare resource utilization of hospitalized end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Understanding these disparities is essential for optimizing patient care and informing healthcare policy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was conducted using the National Inpatient Sample to identify hospitalized adult ESKD patients receiving PD from the year 2003 to 2018. The outcomes included 1) PD-related outcomes, defined as a composite of peritonitis, mechanical complications, catheter removal or revision, and adequacy issues, 2) non-PD-related outcomes, defined as a composite of sepsis, cardiac arrest, and need for mechanical ventilation 3) transfer to hemodialysis, and 4) in-hospital mortality. The associations between sex and in-hospital outcomes were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression and were adjusted for demographic factors, comorbidities, primary diagnoses, admission types, and hospital characteristics. Discharge weights were applied to generate nationally representative estimates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 97,036 hospitalized ESKD patients receiving PD analyzed, 48,906 (50.4%) were females. In adjusted analyses, there were no overall sex differences in PD-related outcomes, non-PD-related outcomes, or in-hospital mortality. However, age- and comorbidity-based variations were observed in PD-related outcomes. Female sex was associated with lower odds of transfer to hemodialysis, particularly among younger patients and those without heart failure or peripheral vascular disease. Notably, sex differences in in-hospital mortality were observed only among patients with elective admissions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were sex-based disparities in the outcomes and healthcare utilization of hospitalized ESKD patients receiving PD. These findings underscore the need for sex-specific, individualized strategies to improve PD care and inform clinical and policy decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608251362904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T07:56:43Z","timestamp":1753862203000},"page":"213-222","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sex disparities in in-hospital treatments, outcomes, and resource utilization among peritoneal dialysis patients: A nationwide inpatient sample analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8313-3604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charat","family":"Thongprayoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wisit","family":"Kaewput","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phramongkutklao College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wannasit","family":"Wathanavasin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, Charoenkrung Pracharak Hospital, Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supawadee","family":"Suppadungsuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"Chakri Naruebodindra Medical Institute, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Samut Prakan, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul W","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supawit","family":"Tangpanithandee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9954-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wisit","family":"Cheungpasitporn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"447","article-title":"Evaluating the benefits of home-based peritoneal dialysis","volume":"7","author":"Fran\u00e7ois K","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fran\u00e7ois K, Bargman JM. Evaluating the benefits of home-based peritoneal dialysis. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2014; 7: 447\u2013455.","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","article-title":"Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) versus hospital or home haemodialysis for end-stage renal disease in adults","volume":"2004","author":"Vale L","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vale L, Cody J, Wallace S, et al. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) versus hospital or home haemodialysis for end-stage renal disease in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004; 2004: Cd003963.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12093328"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608221080586"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1741484"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5314719"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2018.12.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34067\/KID.0001872022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0896860820918708"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfab354"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.0000000642"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.13367"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1081543"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1387292"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12102377"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S479130"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.18372"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2021.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/08968608221125714"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0896860819878656"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000477449"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.029691"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2017.181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ-2021-068247"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq845"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0896860819879868"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01097-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","article-title":"Elderly peritoneal dialysis compared with elderly hemodialysis patients and younger peritoneal dialysis patients: competing risk analysis of a Korean prospective cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Kim H","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim H, An JN, Kim DK, et al. Elderly peritoneal dialysis compared with elderly hemodialysis patients and younger peritoneal dialysis patients: competing risk analysis of a Korean prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0131393.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/17.6.1085"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12927"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001088"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-43476-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","article-title":"Risk factors associated with outcomes of peritoneal dialysis in Taiwan: an analysis using a competing risk model","volume":"98","author":"Chen HL","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen HL, Tarng DC, Huang LH. Risk factors associated with outcomes of peritoneal dialysis in Taiwan: an analysis using a competing risk model. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98: e14385.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0289134"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0299601"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbae141"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-019-05275-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","first-page":"6867","article-title":"Comorbidity and in-hospital mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients: data of the emilia romagna region of Italy","volume":"27","author":"Fabbian F","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fabbian F, De Giorgi A, Ferrara F, et al. Comorbidity and in-hospital mortality in peritoneal dialysis patients: data of the emilia romagna region of Italy. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27: 6867\u20136875.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","article-title":"Outcomes of peritoneal dialysis in elderly vs non-elderly patients: a systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Jiang C","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang C, Zheng Q. Outcomes of peritoneal dialysis in elderly vs non-elderly patients: a systemic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17: e0263534.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-40692-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000539452"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.742888"}],"container-title":["Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08968608251362904","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08968608251362904","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08968608251362904","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T18:10:47Z","timestamp":1779041447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08968608251362904"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08968608251362904"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08968608251362904","relation":{},"ISSN":["0896-8608","1718-4304"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0896-8608","type":"print"},{"value":"1718-4304","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]}}}