{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T22:27:18Z","timestamp":1780698438035,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]],"date-time":"2014-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare and contrast the characteristics of 2 groups of men \u226540 years old: reported anabolic\u2013androgenic steroid (AAS) users and nonusers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional survey.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-eight online fitness, weight lifting, bodybuilding, and steroid Web sites.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 67 male AAS users and 76 male nonusers \u226540 years old.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes Measured:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Demographics, utilization of AAS and other performance-enhancing agents (PEAs), exercise patterns, history of illicit drugs and alcohol use, and psychiatric traits\/diagnoses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The majority of AAS users \u226540 years old were caucasian (92.5%), heterosexual (97.0%), and classified themselves as recreational exercisers (79.1%). AAS users took more PEAs (11.5 \u00b1 5.6 vs 4.6 \u00b1 2.7; P &lt; .001), were more likely to binge drink (47.8% vs 29.0%; P = .025), report heavy alcohol use (21.0% vs 7.9%; P = .031), meet criteria for substance dependence disorder (27.4% vs 4.0%; P &lt; .001), and report an anxiety disorder diagnosis (12.0% vs 2.6%; P = .046) than nonusers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AAS misuse is prevalent among older men and is associated with polypharmacy, more aggressive alcohol use, and a higher incidence of substance dependence and anxiety disorders compared to nonusers. This information may help clinicians and researchers identify and develop appropriate intervention strategies for AAS abuse among older men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190014527319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,18]],"date-time":"2014-03-18T21:15:17Z","timestamp":1395177317000},"page":"450-456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Characteristics and Behaviors of Older Male Anabolic Steroid Users"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Eric J.","family":"Ip","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Touro University California College of Pharmacy, Vallejo, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Trinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice, Touro University California College of Pharmacy, 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