{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T01:55:30Z","timestamp":1777859730877,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The prevention of pregnancy remains an important part of the practice of medicine. Contraception can occur at a number of points in the basic reproductive biological process and through a number of contraceptive product options. Pharmacists are health care providers appropriately positioned to assist patients in suitable contraceptive product selection based on their personal situations and lifestyles. This article provides an overview of available products for prevention of pregnancy and associated risks and benefits. Contraceptive products are categorized by their hormonal content and method of action. Hormonal options include oral contraceptive pills, contraceptive patch, implants, injection, intravaginal, and intrauterine devices. Barrier products prevent pregnancy by creating a physical obstacle to the successful fertilization of an egg by sperm. All products and methods are associated with benefits and potential complications that must be considered as patients, and health care providers select the most satisfactory option.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190015585751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T21:30:24Z","timestamp":1433194224000},"page":"130-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Contraceptive Methods"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Charlie W.","family":"Colquitt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University, Tampa Bay Instructional Site, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tonya S.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Florida A&M University, Jacksonville Instructional Site, Jacksonville, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Samra OM. Birth control barrier methods. Web site. http:\/\/www.emedicinehealth.com\/birth_control_barrier_methods\/page4_em.htm. Published August 28, 2014. Accessed January 13, 2015."},{"key":"bibr2-0897190015585751","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Contraceptive Technology","author":"Trussell J Guthrie K","year":"2007","edition":"19"},{"key":"bibr3-0897190015585751","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2006.160"},{"key":"bibr4-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Levin ER, Hammes SR. Chapter 40. Estrogens and progestins. In: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC, eds. Goodman & Gilman\u2019s The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 12th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2011. Website. http:\/\/accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com\/content.aspx?bookid=374&Sectionid=41266250. Accessed January 15, 2015."},{"key":"bibr5-0897190015585751","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90806-5"},{"key":"bibr6-0897190015585751","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.14.1791"},{"key":"bibr7-0897190015585751","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/152.3.233"},{"key":"bibr8-0897190015585751","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-18637"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr9-0897190015585751","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1S","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(99)80014-4","volume":"71","author":"International Federation of Fertility Societies","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"bibr10-0897190015585751","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70168-6"},{"key":"bibr11-0897190015585751","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(99)70392-3"},{"key":"bibr12-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Depo-Provera [package insert]. New York, NY: Pharmacia and Upjohn Company; 2009."},{"key":"bibr13-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Orthro Evra [package insert]. Manati, Puerta Rico: Janssen Ortho, LLC; 2014."},{"key":"bibr14-0897190015585751","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-18642"},{"key":"bibr15-0897190015585751","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/17474108.2013.811941"},{"key":"bibr16-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Implanon [package insert]. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co, Inc; 2014."},{"key":"bibr17-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Nuvaring [package insert]. Roseland, NJ: Organon USA Inc; 2008."},{"key":"bibr18-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Mirena [package insert]. Wayne, NJ: Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc; 2009."},{"key":"bibr19-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Skyla [package insert]. Wayne, NJ: Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc; 2013."},{"key":"bibr20-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Grimes DA. Headaches\/migraines and oral contraceptives: what are the facts? In: Grimes DA, ed. The Contraception Report. Vol II. 1991:6."},{"key":"bibr21-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Paragard [package insert]. Sellersville, PA: Teva Pharmaceuticals USA Inc; 2010."},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr22-0897190015585751","first-page":"79","volume":"35","author":"Walsh TL","year":"2003","journal-title":"Perspect Sex Reprod Health"},{"key":"bibr23-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Durex Avanti Bare [package insert]. London, UK: SSL International Plc; 2006."},{"key":"bibr24-0897190015585751","unstructured":"Lifestyles Skyn [package insert]. 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