{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T10:42:17Z","timestamp":1780483337775,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607558400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of adjunctive dexmedetomidine for alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) treatment compared to symptom-triggered benzodiazepine therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single-center, retrospective, cohort study evaluated patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with AWS. Patients were divided into 2 groups: adjunctive dexmedetomidine or symptom-triggered therapy (control). Primary outcome was change in Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol (CIWA-Ar) score. Secondary outcomes assessed cumulative ICU benzodiazepine requirement and ICU\/hospital length of stay (LOS). Safety outcomes evaluated incidence of adverse events, new onset seizures, and intubation. Propensity matching was performed to minimize differences between study groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 147 patients were included, 56 in the dexmedetomidine group and 91 in the control group. Patient demographics were similar, however baseline CIWA-Ar score was statistically higher in the dexmedetomidine group. Following propensity matching, 55 patients were included in each group. No significant difference was noted for change in CIWA-Ar score (median, IQR) [3.8 (-0.4-12.3) dexmedetomidine vs. 5.4 (1.4-12.9) control, p = 0.223]. Secondary endpoints revealed increased benzodiazepine requirements (p = 0.001), prolonged ICU LOS (p = 0.050), and more frequent use of physical restraints (p = 0.001) in the dexmedetomidine group. While not statistically significant, the development of new onset seizures (p = 0.775) and intubation (p = 0.294) occurred more frequently in the dexmedetomidine group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The addition of dexmedetomidine to symptom-triggered benzodiazepines for AWS did not produce a significant change in CIWA-Ar scores from baseline compared to symptom-triggered therapy alone. The increased rate of new onset seizures and intubation warrant further investigation into the safety of dexmedetomidine in AWS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190020977755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T14:01:52Z","timestamp":1607608912000},"page":"356-362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of Adjunctive Dexmedetomidine in the Treatment of Alcohol Withdrawal Compared to Benzodiazepine Symptom-Triggered Therapy in Critically Ill Patients: The EvADE Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6252-8060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tia E.","family":"Collier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, UNC REX, Raleigh, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lane B.","family":"Farrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center\u2013Round Rock, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron D.","family":"Killian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek K.","family":"Kataria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0897190020977755","unstructured":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: results from the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Published 2019. Accessed November 2020. https:\/\/www.samhsa.gov\/data\/sites\/default\/files\/cbhsq-reports\/NSDUHNationalFindingsReport2018\/NSDUHNationalFindingsReport2018.pdf"},{"key":"bibr2-0897190020977755","unstructured":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. Alcohol facts and statistics. National Institutes of Health. Published 2020. Accessed November 2020. https:\/\/www.niaaa.nih.gov\/publications\/brochures-and-fact-sheets\/alcohol-facts-and-statistics"},{"key":"bibr3-0897190020977755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.11.016"},{"key":"bibr4-0897190020977755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1448"},{"key":"bibr5-0897190020977755","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/8755122517714491"},{"key":"bibr6-0897190020977755","first-page":"490","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"Jeste DV","year":"2013","edition":"5"},{"key":"bibr7-0897190020977755","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Management of alcohol withdrawal. Published 2012. 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