{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T01:55:52Z","timestamp":1777859752670,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Contraction alkalosis is characterized by low serum sodium and chloride and high serum carbon dioxide and bicarbonate levels. Case Report: A 28-year-old Caucasian active-duty male with a history of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and diarrhea-predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (D-IBS) presented to his primary care provider (PCP) with elevated blood pressure (136\/96\u00a0mmHg), was diagnosed with stage-2 hypertension, and started oral HCTZ (25\u00a0mg\/day). His medications included dicyclomine (10\u00a0mg oral three times daily). Subsequently, (Visit 1), his blood pressure was 130\/91\u00a0mmHg and he was started on telmisartan (20\u00a0mg\/day). At Visit 2, 4 weeks later, his blood pressure improved (121\/73\u00a0mmHg); however, blood chemistry revealed elevated serum CO2 (32\u00a0mEq\/L) and chloride (94\u00a0mmol\/L). Four days later, the patient presented to the Emergency Department with dyspnea and swallowing difficulty. The patient returned to his PCP 3\u00a0days later complaining of cough, congestion, vomiting, and mild dyspnea, blood pressure of 124\/84\u00a0mmHg. Two months later, sudden onset of projectile vomiting and abdominal pain while running was reported, resolved by rehydration and a single oral dose of prochlorperazine 25\u00a0mg. Three months later, (Visit 3), he complained of lightheadedness and cloudy judgment, suggesting contraction alkalosis. HCTZ was discontinued and telmisartan was increased to 20\u00a0mg twice daily. A follow-up blood chemistry panel 2\u00a0weeks later revealed serum chloride and CO2 levels within normal limits and blood pressure under 130\/80\u00a0mmHg. Conclusion: This is the first known report of contraction alkalosis driven by drug\u2013drug interaction between dicyclomine and HCTZ.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08971900211052829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T21:11:22Z","timestamp":1634764282000},"page":"679-684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A First Report of HCTZ and Dicyclomine Induced Uncharacteristic Contraction Alkalosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8117-949X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tony J.","family":"Eid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, Elk Grove, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9297-4747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Horton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, Elk Grove, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Hendrix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, 9th Medical Group Beale Air Force Base, Beale, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1220-0777","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janie M.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, Elk Grove, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9494-996X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Browning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, Elk Grove, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0676-9614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashim","family":"Malhotra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, Elk Grove, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08971900211052829","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Sur M","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr2-08971900211052829","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Brinkman JE","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr3-08971900211052829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.11.006"},{"key":"bibr4-08971900211052829","volume-title":"Cilazapril and Hydrochlorothiazide","author":"Inhibace Plus\u00ae","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr5-08971900211052829","volume-title":"Up-to-Date","author":"Basow DS","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr6-08971900211052829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1975.114"},{"key":"bibr7-08971900211052829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1981.154"},{"key":"bibr8-08971900211052829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-62-5-979"},{"key":"bibr9-08971900211052829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0907219"},{"key":"bibr10-08971900211052829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V112369"},{"key":"bibr11-08971900211052829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00644613"},{"key":"bibr12-08971900211052829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2003.20130.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08971900211052829","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08971900211052829","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08971900211052829","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:37:00Z","timestamp":1777509420000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08971900211052829"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08971900211052829"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08971900211052829","relation":{},"ISSN":["0897-1900","1531-1937"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0897-1900","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-1937","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]}}}