{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T01:50:04Z","timestamp":1790560204434,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Critically ill patients are at increased risk for fluid overload, but objective prediction tools to guide clinical decision-making are lacking. The MRC-ICU scoring tool is an objective tool for measuring medication regimen complexity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the relationship between MRC-ICU score and fluid overload in critically ill patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this multi-center, retrospective, observational study, the relationship between MRC-ICU and the risk of fluid overload was examined. Patient demographics, fluid balance at day 3 of ICU admission, MRC-ICU score at 24 hours, and clinical outcomes were collected from the medical record. The primary outcome was relationship between MRC-ICU and fluid overload. To analyze this, MRC-ICU scores were divided into tertiles (low, moderate, high), and binary logistic regression was performed. Linear regression was performed to determine variables associated with positive fluid balance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 125 patients were included. The median MRC-ICU score at 24 hours of ICU admission for low, moderate, and high tertiles were 9, 15, and 21, respectively. For each point increase in MRC-ICU, a 13% increase in the likelihood of fluid overload was observed (OR 1.128, 95% CI 1.028-1.238, p = 0.011). The MRC-ICU score was positively associated with fluid balance at day 3 (\u03b2-coefficient 218.455, 95% CI 94.693-342.217, p = 0.001) when controlling for age, gender, and SOFA score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medication regimen complexity demonstrated a weakly positive correlation with fluid overload in critically ill patients. Future studies are necessary to establish the MRC-ICU as a predictor to identify patients at risk of fluid overload.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190021999792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T04:55:59Z","timestamp":1615265759000},"page":"573-579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Medication Regimen Complexity Score as an Indicator of Fluid Balance in Critically Ill Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"William J.","family":"Olney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3589-8493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron M.","family":"Chase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Augusta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Hannah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Athens, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5171-8405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan E.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Athens, GA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Piedmont Athens Regional Medical Center, Athens, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2020-0571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea Sikora","family":"Newsome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Augusta, GA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Augusta University Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11682"},{"key":"bibr2-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201504-187OC"},{"key":"bibr3-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000268"},{"key":"bibr4-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181feeb15"},{"key":"bibr5-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2016.03.002"},{"key":"bibr6-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CEOR.S45873"},{"key":"bibr7-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001835"},{"key":"bibr8-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31827e83af"},{"key":"bibr9-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2016.12.011"},{"key":"bibr10-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu300"},{"key":"bibr11-0897190021999792","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13613-018-0402-x"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr12-0897190021999792","first-page":"897190019853979","volume":"33","author":"Hawkins 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